脉冲星射电发射机制：射电纳爆作为相对论磁重联的低频余辉
Pulsar Radio Emission Mechanism: Radio Nanoshots as a Low Frequency Afterglow of Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection
摘要：
在这封信中，我们提出蟹状星云、其他年轻的高能双星和毫秒双星的相干射电发射是在光柱之外的磁层电流片中产生的。我们进行了全球和局部的二维动力学等离子体模拟的重联来说明相干发射机制。在非常有效的等离子体团为主的制度，在电流片超出轻圆柱的重新连接进行，和电流层被分割成一个动态链的等离子体团进行连续的合并。足够大的等离子体团的合并产生次级垂直电流片，这也是等离子体团不稳定的。等离子体团相互碰撞以及与上游磁场的碰撞会喷射出快磁声波，这些快磁声波穿过背景场向上游传播，并成功地从等离子体中逃逸，成为落在无线电波段的电磁波。这个模型成功地解释了许多重要的特点，观察到的无线电发射从螃蟹和其他天体与高磁场在光柱：相位重合的高能量发射，纳秒持续时间（nanoshots），和极端的瞬时亮度的个人脉冲。
英文摘要：
In this Letter we propose that coherent radio emission of Crab, other young energetic pulsars, and millisecond pulsars is produced in the magnetospheric current sheet beyond the light cylinder. We carry out global and local two-dimensional kinetic plasma simulations of reconnection to illustrate the coherent emission mechanism. Reconnection in the current sheet beyond the light cylinder proceeds in the very efficient plasmoid-dominated regime, and current layer gets fragmented into a dynamic chain of plasmoids which undergo successive coalescence. Mergers of sufficiently large plasmoids produce secondary perpendicular current sheets, which are also plasmoid-unstable. Collisions of plasmoids with each other and with the upstream magnetic field eject fast-magnetosonic waves, which propagate upstream across the background field and successfully escape from the plasma as electromagnetic waves that fall in the radio band. This model successfully explains many important features of the observed radio emission from Crab and other pulsars with high magnetic field at the light cylinder: phase coincidence with the high-energy emission, nano-second duration (nanoshots), and extreme instantaneous brightness of individual pulses.
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