“大倾角”：AGN SDSS极端可变性的性质
The 'Big Dipper': The nature of the extreme variability of the AGN SDSS J2232-0806
摘要：
SDSS J2232-0806（“北斗七星”）被认为是一个“慢蓝核超变”：一个没有以前已知的活动核，蓝色和大幅度亮度演化的星系。随后的观测表明，这个源确实包含一个活动星系核（AGN）。我们的光学光度学和光谱学监测活动记录了一个主要的变暗事件（和随后的上升）在大约四年的时间内;也有证据表明，以前的事件与过去二十年记录的档案数据一致。在这里，我们报告的11个光学光谱的分析，迄今为止，我们组装了一个多波长的数据集，包括红外，紫外和X射线观测。我们发现，一个内在的变化的光度是最有利的解释的意见，基于连续性和线的变化和明显的滞后响应的热尘埃的比较。这个来源，以及其他几个最近发现的“改变外观”的对象，证明活动星系核可以表现出大幅度的光度变化的时间尺度比标准薄吸积盘模型预测的要短得多。
英文摘要：
SDSS J2232-0806 (the 'Big Dipper') has been identified as a 'slow-blue nuclear hypervariable': a galaxy with no previously known active nucleus, blue colours and large-amplitude brightness evolution occurring on a timescale of years. Subsequent observations have shown that this source does indeed contain an active galactic nucleus (AGN). Our optical photometric and spectroscopic monitoring campaign has recorded one major dimming event (and subsequent rise) over a period of around four years; there is also evidence of previous events consistent with this in archival data recorded over the last twenty years. Here we report an analysis of the eleven optical spectra obtained to date and we assemble a multiwavelength data set including infrared, ultraviolet and X-ray observations. We find that an intrinsic change in the luminosity is the most favoured explanation of the observations, based on a comparison of continuum and line variability and the apparent lagged response of the hot dust. This source, along with several other recently-discovered 'changing-look' objects, demonstrate that AGN can exhibit large-amplitude luminosity changes on timescales much shorter than those predicted by standard thin accretion disc models.
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