局部非独立性的实验检验
Experimental test of local observer-independence
摘要：
科学方法依赖于事实，这些事实是通过反复测量建立起来的，并得到普遍认同，而与观察它们的人无关。在量子力学中，观察的客观性并不那么清楚，最戏剧性的是尤金·维格纳的epperiment思想实验，两个观察者可以体验到看似不同的现实。这些现实是否可以以一种与观察者无关的方式调和的问题长期以来一直无法通过实证研究来解决，直到最近的不可行定理构建了一个扩展的维格纳朋友场景，其中有四个观察者，使我们能够对其进行测试。在一个国家的最先进的6光子实验中，我们实现了这一扩展的维格纳的朋友的情况下，实验违反相关的贝尔型不等式的5个标准差。如果我们坚持定域性和自由选择的假设，这个结果意味着量子理论应该以一种依赖于量子数的方式来解释。
英文摘要：
The scientific method relies on facts, established through repeated measurements and agreed upon universally, independently of who observed them. In quantum mechanics, the objectivity of observations is not so clear, most dramatically exposed in Eugene Wigner's eponymous thought experiment where two observers can experience seemingly different realities. The question whether these realities can be reconciled in an observer-independent way has long remained inaccessible to empirical investigation, until recent no-go-theorems constructed an extended Wigner's friend scenario with four observers that allows us to put it to the test. In a state-of-the-art 6-photon experiment, we realise this extended Wigner's friend scenario, experimentally violating the associated Bell-type inequality by 5 standard deviations. If one holds fast to the assumptions of locality and free-choice, this result implies that quantum theory should be interpreted in an observer-dependent way.
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