K2-288Bb：公民科学家发现的低质量双星系统中的一颗小型温带行星
K2-288Bb: A Small Temperate Planet in a Low-mass Binary System Discovered by Citizen Scientists
摘要：
开普勒和K2任务的观测为天文学界提供了前所未有的大量数据，以搜索凌日系外行星和其他天体物理现象。在这里，我们提出了K2-288，一个低质量的双星系统（M2.0 +/- 1.0; M3.0 +/- 1.0）托管一个小的（Rp = 1.9 REarth），温带（Teq = 226 K）行星在K2战役4观察。候选人首先由公民科学家使用Zooniverse平台上托管的系外行星探索者确定。后续的观测和详细的分析证实了这颗行星的存在，并表明它可能以31.39天的周期绕着第二颗恒星运行。这个轨道将K2- 288 Bb置于其低质量主星的宜居带或其附近。K2- 288 Bb存在于一个具有独特结构的系统中，因为它的轨道距离中等分离双星（近似55天文单位）中的一个组件>0.1天文单位，进一步的跟踪可能会提供对其形成和演化的洞察力。此外，它的估计大小跨越了行星半径分布中观测到的差距。这种大小的行星出现的频率较低，可能处于半径演化的短暂阶段。K2-288是系外行星探索者计划确定的第三个凌日行星系统，它的发现证明了开普勒、K2和凌日系外行星调查卫星时代公民科学的价值。
英文摘要：
Observations from the Kepler and K2 missions have provided the astronomical community with unprecedented amounts of data to search for transiting exoplanets and other astrophysical phenomena. Here, we present K2-288, a low-mass binary system (M2.0 +/- 1.0; M3.0 +/- 1.0) hosting a small (Rp = 1.9 REarth), temperate (Teq = 226 K) planet observed in K2 Campaign 4. The candidate was first identified by citizen scientists using Exoplanet Explorers hosted on the Zooniverse platform. Follow-up observations and detailed analyses validate the planet and indicate that it likely orbits the secondary star on a 31.39-day period. This orbit places K2-288Bb in or near the habitable zone of its low-mass host star. K2-288Bb resides in a system with a unique architecture, as it orbits at >0.1 au from one component in a moderate separation binary (aproj approximately 55 au), and further follow-up may provide insight into its formation and evolution. Additionally, its estimated size straddles the observed gap in the planet radius distribution. Planets of this size occur less frequently and may be in a transient phase of radius evolution. K2-288 is the third transiting planet system identified by the Exoplanet Explorers program and its discovery exemplifies the value of citizen science in the era of Kepler, K2, and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite.
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