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arXiv 1902.02701astro-ph.EP
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67 P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko彗星的放气加速

Outgassing induced acceleration of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Tobias Kramer, Matthias Laeuter

摘要:

彗星活动由于升华诱导力而影响轨道运动和旋转状态。罗塞塔飞行任务提供的精确旋转轴方向和位置数据使人们能够准确地确定丘留莫夫-格拉西缅科/67 P彗星的放气情况。我们直接从罗塞塔航天器的轨道中获得了观测到的67 P的非重力加速度。从非重力加速度,我们恢复的昼夜放气变化和研究的升华响应相对于峰值太阳光照可能的延迟。这使我们能够将67 P的非重力加速度与基于经验模型和关于升华过程的常见假设的预期进行比较。我们使用一个迭代的轨道细化和傅立叶分解的昼夜活动,以获得释气引起的非重力加速度。数据简化的不确定性是通过对彗星67 P的最佳拟合轨道集合的敏感性分析来确定的。我们发现,Marsden非引力加速度参数再现部分的非引力加速度,但需要通过分析原子核的几何形状和表面照明来增强,以得出关于表面上的升华过程的结论。非重力加速度紧随太阳下纬度(季节光照),在近日点附近相对于当地正午有一个小的滞后角。观察到的旋转轴的微小变化不赞成强迫进动模型的非重力加速度。与升华引起的力矩相反,非重力加速度并不对原子核上的局部活动区域施加强约束。我们发现轨道推导的非重力加速度和水的生产独立来自罗塞塔原位测量的密切协议。

英文摘要:

Cometary activity affects the orbital motion and rotation state due to sublimation induced forces. The availability of precise rotation-axis orientation and position data from the Rosetta mission allows one to accurately determine the outgassing of comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko/67P. We derive the observed non-gravitational acceleration of 67P directly from the Rosetta spacecraft trajectory. From the non-gravitational acceleration we recover the diurnal outgassing variations and study a possible delay of the sublimation response with respect to the peak solar illumination. This allows us to compare the non-gravitational acceleration of 67P with expectations based on empirical models and common assumptions about the sublimation process. We use an iterative orbit refinement and Fourier decomposition of the diurnal activity to derive the outgassing induced non-gravitational acceleration. The uncertainties of the data reduction are established by a sensitivity analysis of an ensemble of best-fit orbits for comet 67P. We find that the Marsden non-gravitational acceleration parameters reproduce part of the non-gravitational acceleration but need to be augmented by an analysis of the nucleus geometry and surface illumination to draw conclusions about the sublimation process on the surface. The non-gravitational acceleration follows closely the subsolar latitude (seasonal illumination), with a small lag angle with respect to local noon around perihelion. The observed minor changes of the rotation axis do not favour forced precession models for the non-gravitational acceleration. In contrast to the sublimation induced torques, the non-gravitational acceleration does not put strong constraints on localized active areas on the nucleus. We find a close agreement of the orbit deduced non-gravitational acceleration and the water production independently derived from Rosetta in-situ measurement.

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