生化反馈及其在免疫细胞II中的应用：动力学和临界慢化
Biochemical feedback and its application to immune cells II: dynamics and critical slowing down
摘要：
在分岔点附近，由于临界慢化现象，系统的响应时间会发散。我们调查临界慢化充分混合随机模型的生化反馈利用映射到平均场伊辛普适类。这种映射使我们能够量化实验中的临界减速，在实验中我们测量T细胞对药物的反应。具体来说，添加药物相当于参数空间中的突然猝灭，我们发现使细胞更接近其临界点的猝灭导致反应较慢。我们进一步证明，我们的类的生化反馈模型表现出连续驱动系统的Kibble-Zurek崩溃，它预测了细胞反应的滞后缩放更渐进的扰动。我们讨论的影响，我们的研究结果之间的权衡精确和快速的响应。
英文摘要：
Near a bifurcation point, the response time of a system is expected to diverge due to the phenomenon of critical slowing down. We investigate critical slowing down in well-mixed stochastic models of biochemical feedback by exploiting a mapping to the mean-field Ising universality class. This mapping allows us to quantify critical slowing down in experiments where we measure the response of T cells to drugs. Specifically, the addition of a drug is equivalent to a sudden quench in parameter space, and we find that quenches that take the cell closer to its critical point result in slower responses. We further demonstrate that our class of biochemical feedback models exhibits the Kibble-Zurek collapse for continuously driven systems, which predicts the scaling of hysteresis in cellular responses to more gradual perturbations. We discuss the implications of our results in terms of the tradeoff between a precise and a fast response.
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