活性玻璃：遍历性破坏极大地影响了对自推进的反应
Active glass: ergodicity breaking dramatically affects response to self-propulsion
摘要：
我们实验研究了布朗粒子的致密沉积物的自推进的响应。我们观察到各态历经的过冷液体弛豫是单调增强的活动。相比之下，非遍历玻璃显示出一个数量级的放缓，在低活动相对于被动的情况下，其次是流化在较高的活动。我们的研究结果与理论预测的遍历方法总结到玻璃化转变的玻璃线的移位。我们认为非单调性是由于活动的竞争效应：（i）有助于打破笼子的额外能量（ii）阻碍笼子探索的方向性。我们称之为“主动方向性出现的僵局”（Dead）。这表明进一步的理论工作应该包括热运动。
英文摘要：
We study experimentally the response of a dense sediment of Brownian particles to self-propulsion. We observe that the ergodic supercooled liquid relaxation is monotonically enhanced by activity. By contrast the nonergodic glass shows an order of magnitude slowdown at low activities with respect to passive case, followed by fluidization at higher activities. Our results contrast with theoretical predictions of the ergodic approach to glass transition summing up to a shift of the glass line. We propose that nonmonotonicity is due to competing effects of activity: (i) extra energy that helps breaking cages (ii) directionality that hinders cage exploration. We call it "Deadlock from the Emergence of Active Directionality" (DEAD). It suggests further theoretical works should include thermal motion.
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