相互作用多分散微泡的集体行为
On the collective behavior of interacting polydisperse microbubbles
摘要：
要充分挖掘MB的应用潜力，需要对其复杂的动力学有很好的理解。对MB振荡的更好理解可以进一步提高其在许多应用中的功效，并发明新的应用。以前的研究主要是解决一个单一的孤立MB在一个无限的液体域中的行为，而大多数应用程序采用MBs在集群。振荡的MB已经被证明产生二次压力波，该二次压力波修改在其附近的MB的动力学。修正的Keller-Miksis方程用于考虑气泡间的相互作用。集群内的每个MB的振荡动力学计算通过数值求解耦合的非线性二阶微分方程得到的系统。频率响应分析和分叉图被用来跟踪相互作用的MB的动力学。在这里，我们调查的多分散MB集群的动态在很宽的范围内的声学和几何参数。观察到气泡簇内出现的集体行为，由此抑制较小气泡的个体动力学，导致由簇内最大MB的动力学主导的集体行为。气泡簇内较小微气泡的涌现动力学可以通过气泡间的建设性和破坏性相互作用来表征。在建设性的相互作用，较小的气泡的径向振荡匹配的最大MB和他们的振荡放大。在破坏性相互作用中，较小气泡的振荡被抑制，使得它们的振荡与最大MB的振荡相匹配。此外，建设性的相互作用的一个特殊情况下，占主导地位的MB（最大）可以迫使较小的MB进入倍周期和次谐波振荡。
英文摘要：
Exploiting the full potential of MBs for applications requires a good understanding of their complex dynamics. Improved understanding of MB oscillations can lead to further enhancement in optimizing their efficacy in many applications and also invent new ones. Previous studies have predominantly addressed the behavior of a single isolated MB in an infinite liquid domain, whereas most applications employ MBs in clusters. Oscillating MBs have been shown to generate secondary pressure waves that modify the dynamics of the MBs in their proximity. A modified Keller-Miksis equation is used to account for inter-bubble interactions. The oscillatory dynamics of each MB within clusters was computed by numerically solving the resulting system of coupled nonlinear second order differential equations. Frequency response analysis and bifurcation diagrams were employed to track the dynamics of interacting MBs. Here we investigate the dynamics of polydisperse MB clusters over a wide range of acoustic and geometric parameters. An emergent collective behavior within bubble clusters was observed whereby individual dynamics of smaller bubbles were suppressed resulting in a collective behavior dominated by the dynamics of the largest MB within the cluster. The emergent dynamics of smaller MBs within bubble clusters can be characterized by constructive and destructive inter-bubble interactions. In constructive interactions, the radial oscillations of smaller bubbles matched those of the largest MB and their oscillations are amplified. In destructive interactions, the oscillations of smaller bubbles are suppressed so that their oscillations match those of the largest MB. Furthermore, a special case of constructive interactions is presented where dominant MB (largest) can force smaller MBs into period doubling and subharmonic oscillations.
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