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arXiv 1901.08602cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.mtrl-scicond-mat.supr-con
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非对称材料中的$n$ -沙漏外尔费米子

$n$-Hourglass Weyl fermions in nonsymmorphic materials

Yijie Zeng, Luyang Wang, Dao-Xin Yao

摘要:

受非对称空间群对称性保护的沙漏状能带结构可以沿着布里渊区中的高对称性线或高对称性表面出现。在这项工作中,从对称性分析,我们证明了$n$ -沙漏状带结构,沙漏状能带结构的推广,其中主机的一些外尔点,是强制沿螺旋不变线在非磁性材料与一个单一的$N$ -折叠螺旋轴时,自旋轨道耦合是有限的,其中$n$,一个非单位因子$N$,表示螺旋不变线的次数。“标准”$n$ -沙漏有$n-1$交叉,这是最小的,它的变体可以有更多的交叉。由于对称性的考虑,我们发现在适当的填充条件下,外尔点周围至少存在两个粒子和两个空穴的费米口袋,这些费米口袋带有相反的双电荷,这可能导致不同的物理效应,包括拓扑密度波的形成和量子非线性霍尔效应.我们构造了一个考虑所有对称性的极小模型,由此我们看到了当自旋轨道耦合打开时,$n$ -沙漏是如何出现的,从相容关系中也得到了同样的结果.作为示例,高压下的BiPd、ZnTe和T1 $_3$ PbBr $_5$的高温相从第一性原理计算示出分别具有$N=2,3,4$的$n$ -沙漏状能带结构,这证实了我们的对称性分析和极小模型。

英文摘要:

Hourglass-like band structures protected by nonsymmorphic space group symmetries can appear along high-symmetry lines or in high-symmetry surfaces in the Brillouin zone. In this work, from symmetry analysis, we demonstrate that $n$-hourglass-like band structures, a generalization of hourglass-like band structures, which host a number of Weyl points, are enforced along screw-invariant lines in non-magnetic materials with a single $N$-fold screw axis when spin-orbit coupling is finite, where $n$, a non-unity factor of $N$, denotes the degree of the screw-invariant line. The "standard" $n$-hourglass has $n-1$ crossings, which is minimal, and its variants can have more crossings. Purely by symmetry considerations, we find there are minimally two particle and two hole Fermi pockets enclosing Weyl points with opposite monopole charges at proper fillings, which can result in distinct physical effects including the possible formation of topological density waves and the quantum nonlinear Hall effect. We construct a minimal model which respects all the symmetries, and from which we see how the $n$-hourglasses appear when spin-orbit coupling is turned on. The same results are derived from compatibility relations. As exemplary, BiPd, ZnTe under high pressure, and the high-temperature phase of Tl$_3$PbBr$_5$, are shown from first-principles calculations to exhibit $n$-hourglass-like band structures, with $N=2,3,4$, respectively, which confirms our symmetry analysis and minimal model.

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