真实世界复杂加权网络中的突然效率崩溃：链路权重异质性导致鲁棒性下降
Abrupt efficiency collapse in real-world complex weighted networks: robustness decrease with link weights heterogeneity
摘要：
在这里，我们报告了五个高质量的真实世界的复杂加权网络的鲁棒性的全面分析的错误和攻击的节点和链接。我们分析了C. Elegans，货船，E。大肠杆菌，美国机场和人脑现实世界的复杂加权网络。我们使用二进制（例如，最大连接集群LCC和二进制效率Effbin）或加权网络结构（例如，效率Eff和总能量信息En）的网络损坏的措施。我们发现，删除一小部分的节点和链接，分别具有较高的强度和重量触发的加权功能的措施突然崩溃，而措施，评估二进制拓扑连通性几乎不受影响。这些发现揭示了现实世界复杂网络的一个有问题的响应状态，其中一小部分节点链接的攻击使这些系统处于连接但非常低效的状态。我们的研究结果揭示了鲁棒性可能被严重高估，只关注组件的连通性。最后，为了理解网络鲁棒性通常如何受到链接权重异质性的影响，我们在现实世界网络的拓扑结构上随机分配链接权重。我们发现，高度异构的网络经历了一个更快的效率下降的节点-链接删除：即现实世界中的复杂网络的鲁棒性对随机攻击比攻击是负相关的链接权重的异质性。
英文摘要：
Here we report a comprehensive analysis of the robustness of five high-quality real-world complex weighted networks to errors and attacks of nodes and links. We analyze C. Elegans, Cargo ship, E. Coli, Us Airports and Human brain real-world complex weighted networks. We use measures of the network damage conceived for a binary (e.g. largest connected cluster LCC, and binary efficiency Effbin) or a weighted network structure (e.g. the efficiency Eff, and the total energy-information En). We find that removing a very small fraction of nodes and links with respectively higher strength and weight triggers an abrupt collapse of the weighted functioning measures while measures that evaluate the binary-topological connectedness are almost unaffected. These findings unveil a problematic response-state of the real-world complex networks where the attack of a small fraction of nodes-links returns these systems in a connected but highly inefficient state. Our findings unveil how the robustness may be heavily overestimated focusing on the connectedness of the components only. Last, to understand how the networks robustness is generally affected by link weights heterogeneity, we randomly assign link weights over the topological structure of the real-world networks. We find that highly heterogeneous networks experienced a faster efficiency decrease under nodes-links removal: i.e. the robustness of the real-world complex networks against both random than attack is negatively correlated with links weight heterogeneity.
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