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arXiv 1901.04559astro-ph.GA
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利用APOGEE化学特征识别人马座流星

Identifying Sagittarius Stream Stars By Their APOGEE Chemical Abundance Signatures

Sten Hasselquist, Jeffrey L. Carlin, Jon A. Holtzman, Matthew Shetrone, Christian R. Hayes, Katia Cunha, Verne Smith, Rachael L. Beaton, Jennifer Sobeck, Carlos… 展开作者

Sten Hasselquist, Jeffrey L. Carlin, Jon A. Holtzman, Matthew Shetrone, Christian R. Hayes, Katia Cunha, Verne Smith, Rachael L. Beaton, Jennifer Sobeck, Carlos Allende Prieto, Steven R. Majewski, Borja Anguiano, Dmitry Bizyaev, D. A. García-Hernández, Richard R. Lane, Kaike Pan, David L. Nidever, José. G. Fernández-Trincado, John C. Wilson, Olga Zamora

摘要:

SDSS-IV Apache Point Observatory星系演化Experiment(APOGEE)巡天提供了分布在银河系大部分地区的$\sim$ 176,000颗红巨星的18种化学元素的精确化学丰度,并包括对人马座矮球状星系(Sgr)核心的观测。Sgr的APOGEE化学丰度模式表明,它在大多数化学元素中与MW在化学上不同。我们采用\emph{k}均值聚类算法对由[(C+N)/Fe]、[O/Fe]、[Mg/Fe]、[Al/Fe]、[Mn/Fe]和[Ni/Fe]定义的6维化学空间进行聚类,以识别APOGEE样本中具有类Sgr化学丰度的62 MW恒星。在这62颗恒星中,有35颗的\emph{Gaia}运动学和位置与Sgr流的\emph{N}天体模拟所预测的一致,它们很可能是在最近两次近心通道($<$ 2 Gyr前)中从Sgr剥离出来的恒星。62颗恒星中的另外20颗恒星的化学丰度与Sgr流星无法区分,但它们的轨道高度偏心,平均$r_{\rm apo} \sim $为25 kpc。这些恒星很可能是被认为是8-11 Gyr前与MW单独合并的结果的“吸积”晕群。我们还发现了一个超高速恒星候选者。我们的结论是,Sgr富集到[Fe/H] $\sim$ -0.2之前,其最近的近中心通道。如果“吸积晕"是由一个主要的吸积事件产生的,那么这个祖先星系至少富集到[Fe/H] $\sim$-0.6,并且在合并之前与Sgr有类似的恒星形成历史。

英文摘要:

The SDSS-IV Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) survey provides precise chemical abundances of 18 chemical elements for $\sim$ 176,000 red giant stars distributed over much of the Milky Way Galaxy (MW), and includes observations of the core of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy (Sgr). The APOGEE chemical abundance patterns of Sgr have revealed that it is chemically distinct from the MW in most chemical elements. We employ a \emph{k}-means clustering algorithm to 6-dimensional chemical space defined by [(C+N)/Fe], [O/Fe], [Mg/Fe], [Al/Fe], [Mn/Fe], and [Ni/Fe] to identify 62 MW stars in the APOGEE sample that have Sgr-like chemical abundances. Of the 62 stars, 35 have \emph{Gaia} kinematics and positions consistent with those predicted by \emph{N}-body simulations of the Sgr stream, and are likely stars that have been stripped from Sgr during the last two pericenter passages ($<$ 2 Gyr ago). Another 20 of the 62 stars exhibit chemical abundances indistinguishable from the Sgr stream stars, but are on highly eccentric orbits with median $r_{\rm apo} \sim $ 25 kpc. These stars are likely the `accreted' halo population thought to be the result of a separate merger with the MW 8-11 Gyr ago. We also find one hypervelocity star candidate. We conclude that Sgr was enriched to [Fe/H] $\sim$ -0.2 before its most recent pericenter passage. If the `accreted halo' population is from one major accretion event, then this progenitor galaxy was enriched to at least [Fe/H] $\sim$ -0.6, and had a similar star formation history to Sgr before merging.

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