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arXiv 1901.04024cs.NEcs.HCcs.LG
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使用状态空间变分自编码器在语音产生期间建模神经动力学

Modeling neural dynamics during speech production using a state space variational autoencoder

Department of Neurological Surgery(神经外科系);Center for Integrative Neuroscience(整合神经科学中心);UC San Francisco(加州大学旧金山分校)

Pengfei Sun, David A. Moses, Edward Chang

摘要:

在许多研究领域中,表征行为的神经编码仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务,部分原因是诱发脑活动的复杂和嘈杂的时空动力学。对这些神经编码进行建模的一个重要方面涉及将稳健的、行为相关的信号与背景活动分离,背景活动通常包含来自不相关的大脑过程的信号和来自先前行为事件的衰减信息。为了实现这种分离,我们开发了一个两个分支的状态空间变分自编码器(SSVAE)模型来分别描述瞬时诱发的前景信号和上下文相关的背景信号。我们使用平滑高斯混合模型对自发语音诱发的脑动力学进行建模。通过应用所提出的SSVAE模型来跟踪一个参与者在多个小时内的ECoG动态,我们发现该模型可以比其他潜在因素推理算法更准确地预测语音相关的动态。我们的研究结果表明,分别建模的瞬时语音诱发和缓慢的上下文相关的大脑动力学可以提高跟踪性能,这对先进的神经编码和解码模型在各种神经科学的子学科的发展具有重要意义。

英文摘要:

Characterizing the neural encoding of behavior remains a challenging task in many research areas due in part to complex and noisy spatiotemporal dynamics of evoked brain activity. An important aspect of modeling these neural encodings involves separation of robust, behaviorally relevant signals from background activity, which often contains signals from irrelevant brain processes and decaying information from previous behavioral events. To achieve this separation, we develop a two-branch State Space Variational AutoEncoder (SSVAE) model to individually describe the instantaneous evoked foreground signals and the context-dependent background signals. We modeled the spontaneous speech-evoked brain dynamics using smoothed Gaussian mixture models. By applying the proposed SSVAE model to track ECoG dynamics in one participant over multiple hours, we find that the model can predict speech-related dynamics more accurately than other latent factor inference algorithms. Our results demonstrate that separately modeling the instantaneous speech-evoked and slow context-dependent brain dynamics can enhance tracking performance, which has important implications for the development of advanced neural encoding and decoding models in various neuroscience sub-disciplines.

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