通用IoT设备上的普适声学传感：综述
Ubiquitous Acoustic Sensing on Commodity IoT Devices: A Survey
摘要：
随着物联网设备的普及，近年来声学传感引起了人们的广泛关注。它利用声学收发器，如麦克风和扬声器，超越其主要功能，即录音和播放，以实现新的应用和新的用户体验。在本文中，我们提出了第一个系统的调查，最近的进展，主动声传感使用商品硬件的频率范围低于24~ 1！千赫兹。我们提出了一个总体框架，分类声学传感系统的主要组成部分。该框架包括三个层次，即，物理层、核心技术层和应用层。物理层包括基本的硬件组件、声学平台以及空中和结构传播的信道特性。核心技术层包括生成声学信号（波形）和从接收信号中提取有用的时间、空间和频谱信息的关键机制。应用层建立在核心技术提供的功能之上，以实现不同的声学传感应用。我们强调了由于物理设备和声学通道的限制而带来的独特挑战，以及如何通过核心处理技术和特定于应用的解决方案来缓解或克服这些挑战。最后，研究机会和未来的方向进行了讨论，以促进进一步深入的研究声传感。
英文摘要：
With the proliferation of Internet-of-Things devices, acoustic sensing attracts much attention in recent years. It exploits acoustic transceivers such as microphones and speakers beyond their primary functions, namely recording and playing, to enable novel applications and new user experiences. In this paper, we present the first systematic survey of recent advances in active acoustic sensing using commodity hardware with a frequency range below 24~\!kHz. We propose a general framework that categorizes main building blocks of acoustic sensing systems. This framework encompasses three layers, i.e., physical layer, core technique layer, and application layer. The physical layer includes basic hardware components, acoustic platforms as well as the air-borne and structure-borne channel characteristics. The core technique layer encompasses key mechanisms to generate acoustic signals (waveforms) and to extract useful temporal, spatial and spectral information from received signals. The application layer builds upon the functions offered by the core techniques to realize different acoustic sensing applications. We highlight unique challenges due to the limitations of physical devices and acoustic channels and how they are mitigated or overcame by core processing techniques and application-specific solutions. Finally, research opportunities and future directions are discussed to spawn further in-depth investigation on acoustic sensing.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
