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arXiv 1901.03046cond-mat.mes-hall
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纳米线:高效热电器件的途径

Nanowires: A route to efficient thermoelectric devices

F. Dominguez-Adame, M . Martin-Gonzalez, D. Sanchez, A. Cantarero

摘要:

电子器件的小型化旨在制造更小的产品,从介观尺寸到纳米尺寸。这一趋势具有挑战性,因为耗散功率水平的增加要求更好地了解小体积中的热传输。大量消耗的能量转化为热量并消散到环境中。热电材料提供了利用耗散能量的可能性,并使设备的能耗降低。热电转换需要具有强烈抑制的热导率但仍具有高电子传导的材料。纳米线可以很好地满足这两个要求,因为在表面和缺陷处增强的声子散射降低了晶格热导率,而电导率没有劣化,从而导致整体显着的热电效率。因此,纳米线被认为是在纳米尺度上获得有价值的热电材料的一种有前途的途径。在本文中,我们提出了一个概述的关键实验和理论结果的热电性能的纳米线。本文综述了提高纳米线效率的物理机制。声子散射在表面和界面,增强功率因数的量子效应和拓扑保护的电子状态,以防止在纳米线的电导率下降进行了深入的讨论。

英文摘要:

Miniaturization of electronic devices aims at manufacturing ever smaller products, from mesoscopic to nanoscopic sizes. This trend is challenging because the increased levels of dissipated power demands a better understanding of heat transport in small volumes. A significant amount of the consumed energy is transformed into heat and dissipated to the environment. Thermoelectric materials offer the possibility to harness dissipated energy and make devices less energy-demanding. Heat-to-electricity conversion requires materials with a strongly suppressed thermal conductivity but still high electronic conduction. Nanowires can meet nicely these two requirements because enhanced phonon scattering at the surface and defects reduces the lattice thermal conductivity while electric conductivity is not deteriorated, leading to an overall remarkable thermoelectric efficiency. Therefore, nanowires are regarded as a promising route to achieving valuable thermoelectric materials at the nanoscale. In this paper, we present an overview of key experimental and theoretical results concerning the thermoelectric properties of nanowires. The focus of this review is put on the physical mechanisms by which the efficiency of nanowires can be improved. Phonon scattering at surfaces and interfaces, enhancement of the power factor by quantum effects and topological protection of electron states to prevent the degradation of electrical conductivity in nanowires are thoroughly discussed.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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