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arXiv 1901.01734hep-exnucl-ex
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在STAR上极化质子与质子碰撞产生W $^\pm$的纵向单自旋不对称性测量

Measurement of Longitudinal Single-Spin Asymmetry for W$^\pm$ Production in Polarized Proton+Proton Collisions at STAR

Qing-Hua Xu

摘要:

海夸克对核子自旋的贡献是完整理解核子自旋结构的重要部分。在RHIC的纵向极化$p + p$碰撞中产生的$W$玻色子通过宇称破坏的单自旋不对称性$A_L$为海夸克极化提供了一个独特的探测。在STAR实验中,利用电磁量能器和时间投影室,可以通过轻子衰变通道$W \to e ν$在中快度下有效地探测到$W$玻色子。之前的STAR测量$A_L$的$W$玻色子生产从2011年和2012年采取的数据集提供了显着的限制螺旋分布函数的$\bar u$和$\bar d$夸克。在2013年,STAR实验收集了$p+p$数据,在$\sqrt s$ = 510 GeV时的积分光度约为250 pb $^{-1}$,平均光束偏振约为$56\%$,约为前几年总积分光度的三倍。来自STAR 2013数据样本的最终$A_L$结果也与之前的2011+2012结果相结合。与理论预期的比较表明,与$Δ\bar{u}(x)$ $>$ $Δ\bar{d}(x)$的味道不对称的海夸克螺旋度分布与$0.05 < x < 0.25$。

英文摘要:

The sea quark contribution to the nucleon spin is an important piece for a complete understanding of the nucleon spin structure. The production of $W$ bosons in longitudinally polarized $p + p$ collisions at RHIC provides an unique probe for the sea quark polarization, through the parity-violating single-spin asymmetry, $A_L$. At the STAR experiment, $W$ bosons can be effectively detected through the leptonic decay channel $W \to e ν$ with the Electromagnetic Calorimeters and Time Projection Chamber at mid-rapidity. The previous STAR measurements of $A_L$ for $W$ boson production from datasets taken in 2011 and 2012 have provided significant constraints on the helicity distribution functions of $\bar u$ and $\bar d$ quarks. In 2013 the STAR experiment collected $p+p$ data with an integrated luminosity of about 250 pb$^{-1}$ at $\sqrt s$ = 510 GeV with an average beam polarization of about $56\%$, which is about three times the total integrated luminosity of previous years. The final $A_L$ results from the STAR 2013 data sample are presented and are also combined with previous 2011+2012 results. The comparison with theoretical expectations suggests a flavor asymmetry with $Δ\bar{u}(x)$ $>$$Δ\bar{d}(x)$ for sea quark helicity distributions with $0.05 < x < 0.25$.

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