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arXiv 1901.00531astro-ph.SR
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船底座η星的星周光度变化与恒星光度变化的区分

Distinguishing Circumstellar from Stellar Photometric Variability in Eta Carinae

Augusto Damineli, Eduardo Fernández-Lajús, Leonardo A. Almeida, Michael Francis Corcoran, Daniel S. C. Damineli, Ted R. Gull, Kenji Hamaguchi, Desmond John Hill… 展开作者

Augusto Damineli, Eduardo Fernández-Lajús, Leonardo A. Almeida, Michael Francis Corcoran, Daniel S. C. Damineli, Ted R. Gull, Kenji Hamaguchi, Desmond John Hillier, Francisco J. Jablonski, Thomas I. Madura, Anthony F. J. Moffat, Felipe Navarete, Noel D. Richardson, Guilherme F. Ruiz, Nicolás E. Salerno, Maria Cecilia Scalia, Gerd. Weigelt

摘要:

相互作用的双星船底座伊塔仍然是我们银河系中最神秘的大质量恒星之一,尽管有超过四个世纪的观测。在这项工作中,它的光变曲线从紫外线到近红外线进行了分析,使用空间分辨的HST观测和强烈的监测在拉普拉塔天文台,结合以前发表的光度学。我们已经开发了一种方法来分离的中央恒星对象在地面图像中使用HST测光,并将其应用到更多的地面数据,这支持的假设,即中央源增亮速度比几乎恒定的Homunculus。在从长期增亮的趋势中消失后,光变曲线显示出周期性的轨道调制($ΔV$ $\sim$ 0.6等),这归因于风-风碰撞空腔,因为它绕着主星扫过,它显示出可变的投影面积到我们的视线。两个准周期分量的时间尺度为2-3年和8-10年,振幅较低,$ΔV$ $<$ 0.2等,叠加在增亮光变曲线上,是唯一发现的恒星变率分量,这表明恒星不稳定性最小。此外,光变曲线分析表明,在近星点没有“壳层抛射”的证据。我们认为,恒星核心的长期增亮是由于中央恒星前面的尘埃团的消散,这就像一个天然的日冕。因此,中央恒星似乎比以前认为的更稳定,因为主要的变化来自于不断变化的星周介质。我们预测,增亮阶段,主要是由于尘埃消散,将在2032年左右完成$\pm$ 4年,当恒星将比在17世纪的$ΔV$ $\sim$ 1马格。

英文摘要:

The interacting binary Eta Carinae remains one of the most enigmatic massive stars in our Galaxy despite over four centuries of observations. In this work, its light curve from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared is analysed using spatially resolved HST observations and intense monitoring at the La Plata Observatory, combined with previously published photometry. We have developed a method to separate the central stellar object in the ground-based images using HST photometry and applying it to the more numerous ground-based data, which supports the hypothesis that the central source is brightening faster than the almost-constant Homunculus. After detrending from long-term brightening, the light curve shows periodic orbital modulation ($ΔV$ $\sim$ 0.6 mag) attributed to the wind-wind collision cavity as it sweeps around the primary star and it shows variable projected area to our line-of-sight. Two quasi-periodic components with time scales of 2-3 and 8-10 yr and low amplitude, $ΔV$ $<$ 0.2 mag, are superimposed on the brightening light-curve, being the only stellar component of variability found, which indicates minimal stellar instability. Moreover, the light curve analysis shows no evidence of `shell ejections' at periastron. We propose that the long-term brightening of the stellar core is due to the dissipation of a dusty clump in front of the central star, which works like a natural coronagraph. Thus, the central stars appear to be more stable than previously thought since the dominant variability originates from a changing circumstellar medium. We predict that the brightening phase, due mainly to dust dissipation, will be completed around 2032 $\pm$ 4 yr, when the star will be brighter than in the 1600's by up to $ΔV$ $\sim$ 1 mag.

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