Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of a Photon Gas in the Near Field

Fluctuation-induced pressures in fluids in thermal nonequilibrium steady states

Correlations in fluids in nonequilibrium steady states are long ranged. Hence, finite-size effects have important consequences in the nonequilibrium thermodynamics of fluids. One consequence is that nonequilibrium temperature fluctuations induce nonequilibrium Casimir-like pressures proportional to the square of the temperature gradient. Hence, fluctuations cause a breakdown of the concept of local thermal equilibrium. Furthermore, transport coefficients become dependent on boundary conditions and on gravity. Thus nonequilibrium fluctuations affect some traditional concepts in nonequilibrium t…

强关联定态非平衡态到有效平衡态的映射

Mapping of strongly correlated steady-state nonequilibrium to an effective equilibrium

通过映射稳态非平衡到一个有效的平衡，我们制定非平衡问题内的平衡图片，我们可以应用现有的平衡多体技术稳态电子输运问题。研究了多体散射态的解析性质，将边界条件算符简化为简单形式，并证明了这种映射与正确的线性响应理论是等价的。在一个无限U Anderson杂质模型的例子中，我们近似求解了散射态的产生算符，并在此基础上导出了偏置算符Y，从而构造了Boltzmann因子exp（-beta（H-Y））形式的非平衡系综.由此产生的哈密顿量求解的非交叉近似。我们得到了零偏压下的近藤反常电导、量子点上的电荷激发引起的非弹性输运以及在较宽偏压范围内的非弹性电流背景。最后，我们提出了一个映射一般稳态非平衡态的自洽算法。

耗散抗磁性--介观系统平衡与非平衡统计力学的一个实例研究

Dissipative Diamagnetism -- A Case Study for Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics of Mesoscopic Systems

利用平衡态统计物理的路径积分方法计算了耗散对朗道抗磁性的影响。计算澄清了电子在其中运动的容器的边界的基本作用。此外，推导出的结果抗磁化也与从含时量子朗之万方程的渐近极限得到的表达式相匹配，提供了一定的顺序，保持在采取限制。这种识别然后统一了平衡和非平衡统计物理学的现象，如抗磁性，这是固有的量子和强烈依赖于边界效应。

Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics and Steady State Density Matrix for Quantum Open Systems

We consider the generic model of a finite-size quantum electron system connected to two (temperature and particle) reservoirs. The quantum open system is driven out of equilibrium by the presence of both a temperature and a chemical potential differences between the two reservoirs. The nonequilibrium (NE) thermodynamical properties of such a quantum open system are studied for the steady state regime. In such a regime, the corresponding NE density matrix is built on the so-called generalised Gibbs ensembles. From different expressions of the NE density matrix, we can identify the terms related…

非平衡交换场景中的热力学精度

Thermodynamic precision in the nonequilibrium exchange scenario

本文研究双量子比特纠缠非平衡稳态在交换场景中的热力学不确定关系，解析证明了其对于特定酉变换成立但对其他酉猝灭失效，并揭示了纠缠对精确功吸收的积极作用。

Equilibrium to nonequilibrium condensation in driven-dissipative semiconductor systems

Semiconductor microcavity systems strongly coupled to quantum wells are now receiving a great deal of attention because of their ability to efficiently generate coherent light by the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of an exciton-polariton gas. Since the exciton polaritons are composite quasi-bosonic particles, many fundamental features arise from their original constituents, i.e., electrons, holes and photons. As a result, not only equilibrium phases typified by the BEC but also nonequilibrium lasing phases can be achieved. In this contribution, we describe a framework which can treat such eq…

Nonequilibrium thermodynamic potentials for continuous-time Markov chains

We connect the rare fluctuations of an Equilibrium (EQ) process and the typical fluctuations of a nonequilibrium (NE) stationary process. In the framework of large deviation theory, this observation allows us to introduce NE thermodynamic potentials. For continuous-time Markov chains, we identify the relevant pairs of conjugated variables and propose two NE ensembles: one with fixed dynamics and fluctuating time-averaged variables, and another with fixed time-averaged variables, but a fluctuating dynamics. Accordingly, we show that NE processes are equivalent to conditioned EQ processes ensuri…