基本图族的减幻和反幻全标号
Subtractive Magic and Antimagic Total Labeling for Basic Families of Graphs
摘要：
有向图$G=(V,A)$的一个\textit{subtractive arc-magic labeling}（SAML）是一个双射$λ:V\cup A \to \{1,2,\ldots,|V|+|A|\}$，其性质是对每个$xy\in A$，我们有$λ(xy)+λ(y)-λ(x)$等于一个整数常数.如果$λ(xy)+λ(y)-λ(x)$对于每个$xy\in A$是不同的，则$λ$是\textit{subtractive arc-antimagic labeling}（SAAL）。$G$的\textit{subtractive vertex-magic labeling}（SVML）是这样的双射，其性质是对于每个$x\in V$，我们有等于整数常数的$λ(x)+\sum_{y\in V, yx \in A} λ(yx)-\sum_{y\in V, xy\in A} λ(xy)$。如果$λ(x)+\sum_{y\in V, yx \in A} λ(yx)-\sum_{y\in V, xy\in A} λ(xy)$对于每个$x\in V$是不同的，则$λ$是\textit{subtractive vertex-antimagic labeling}（SVAL）。在本文中，我们证明了一些存在或不存在的SAML，SVML，SAAL，和SVAL的几个基本家庭的有向图，如道路，圈，星，轮，蝌蚪，友谊图，和一般的蝴蝶图。当存在这种标记时，给出了构造。
英文摘要：
A \textit{subtractive arc-magic labeling} (SAML) of a directed graph $G=(V,A)$ is a bijection $λ:V\cup A \to \{1,2,\ldots,|V|+|A|\}$ with the property that for every $xy\in A$ we have $λ(xy)+λ(y)-λ(x)$ equals to an integer constant. If $λ(xy)+λ(y)-λ(x)$ are distinct for every $xy\in A$, then $λ$ is a \textit{subtractive arc-antimagic labeling} (SAAL). A \textit{subtractive vertex-magic labeling} (SVML) of $G$ is such bijection with the property that for every $x\in V$ we have $λ(x)+\sum_{y\in V, yx \in A} λ(yx)-\sum_{y\in V, xy\in A} λ(xy)$ equals to an integer constant. If $λ(x)+\sum_{y\in V, yx \in A} λ(yx)-\sum_{y\in V, xy\in A} λ(xy)$ are distinct for every $x\in V$, then $λ$ is a \textit{subtractive vertex-antimagic labeling} (SVAL). In this paper we prove some existence or non-existence of SAML, SVML, SAAL, and SVAL for several basic families of directed graphs, such as paths, cycles, stars, wheels, tadpoles, friendship graphs, and general butterfly graphs. The constructions are given when such labeling(s) exists.
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