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arXiv 1810.05967stat.AP
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基于集成嵌套拉普拉斯近似的古气候有效重建

Efficient Reconstructions of Common Era Climate via Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations

Luis A. Barboza, Julien Emile-Geay, Bo Li, Wan He

摘要:

公元1- 2000年的古气候重建为最近的变暖趋势提供了关键背景。这项工作利用集成嵌套拉普拉斯近似(INLA)进行推理贝叶斯分层模型下使用的数据来自三个来源:一个国家的最先进的prox数据库(PAGES 2k),表面温度观测(HadCRUT 4),和外部强迫的最新估计。INLA的计算效率允许探索几种模型公式(有或没有强迫,明确建模内部变异性或没有),以及五个数据减少技术。两个不同的验证练习发现数据减少选择的影响很小,但对模型选择的影响很大,两个模型的最佳结果,包括外部强迫。这些模型证实,人为的温室气体排放是共同时代温度变化的最大贡献者,其次是火山强迫。太阳的影响几乎为零。INLA提供了一种有效的方法来估计后验均值,与昂贵得多的蒙特卡罗马尔可夫链过程相比,但具有更宽的不确定性范围。我们建议使用它来探索模型设计,但完整的MCMC解决方案应用于适当的不确定性量化。

英文摘要:

Paleoclimate reconstruction on the Common Era (1-2000AD) provide critical context for recent warming trends. This work leverages integrated nested Laplace approximations (INLA) to conduct inference under a Bayesian hierarchical model using data from three sources: a state-of-the-art prox database (PAGES 2k), surface temperature observations (HadCRUT4), and latest estimates of external forcings. INLA's computational efficiency allows to explore several model formulations (with or without forcings, explicitly modeling internal variability or not), as well as five data reduction techniques. Two different validation exercises find a small impact of data reduction choices, but a large impact for model choice, with best results for the two models that incorporate external forcings. These models confirm that man-made greenhouse gas emissions are the largest contributor to temperature variability over the Common Era, followed by volcanic forcing. Solar effects are indistinguishable from zero. INLA provide an efficient way to estimate the posterior mean, comparable with the much costlier Monte Carlo Markov Chain procedure, but with wider uncertainty bounds. We recommend using it for exploration of model designs, but full MCMC solutions should be used for proper uncertainty quantification.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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