Theoretical models predict the condensation of silicon carbide around host stars with C/O ratios higher than 0.65 (cf. C/O$_{\mathrm{Sun}}$ = 0.54), in addition to its observations in meteorites, interstellar medium and protoplanetary disks. Consequently, the interiors of rocky exoplanets born from carbon-enriched refractory material are often assumed to contain large amounts of silicon carbide. Here we aim to investigate the stability of silicon carbide in the interior of carbon-enriched rocky exoplanets and to derive the reaction leading to its transformation. We performed a high-pressure high-temperature experiment to investigate the reaction between a silicon carbide layer and a layer representative of the bulk composition of a carbon-enriched rocky exoplanet. We report the reaction leading to oxidation of silicon carbide producing quartz, graphite, and molten iron silicide. Combined with previous studies, we show that in order to stabilize silicon carbide, carbon saturation is not sufficient, and a complete reduction of Fe$^{2+}$ to Fe$^{0}$ in a planetary mantle is required, suggesting that future spectroscopic detection of Fe$^{2+}$ or Fe$^{3+}$ on the surface of rocky exoplanets would imply the absence of silicon carbide in their interiors.
Resolving Orbital and Climate Keys of Earth and Extraterrestrial Environments with Dynamics 1.0: A General Circulation Model for Simulating the Climates of Rocky Planets
ROCKE-3D(英语:Resolving Orbital and Climate Keys of Earth and Extraterrestrial Environments with Dynamics)是美国国家航空航天局戈达德空间研究所(英语:NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies)开发的一个三维大气环流模式,用于模拟太阳系和系外类地行星的大气。其母模型称为ModelE 2(Schmidt et al. 2014),用于模拟现代和21世纪地球以及近期古地球气候。ROCKE-3D是一项持续的努力,旨在扩展ModelE 2的能力,以处理更广泛的大气条件,包括更高和更低的大气压力,更多样化的化学物质和成分,更大和更小的行星半径和重力,不同的旋转速率(缓慢旋转到比现代地球更快旋转,包括同步旋转),海洋和陆地分布和地形多样,和潜在的基本生物圈功能。ROCKE-3D的第一个目标是模拟太阳系内地球上的行星大气,如古地球,现代和古火星,古金星和土星的卫星泰坦。通过验证广泛的温度,压力和大气成分的模型,我们可以进一步扩展其能力,以研究过去已经发现的和未来将要发现的系外行星岩石世界。我们讨论了当前和不久的将来的能力,ROCKE-3D作为一个社区模型研究行星和系外行星大气。
Characterizing the oxidation state of rocky exoplanets with the Large Interferometer for Exoplanets (LIFE)
Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen(格罗宁根大学卡普坦天文研究所);SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research(荷兰空间研究研究所);Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Geological Sciences(柏林自由大学地质科学研究所);NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心);ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics & Astrophysics(苏黎世联邦理工学院粒子物理与天体物理研究所);ETH Zurich, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences(苏黎世联邦理工学院地球与行星科学系)
Bayesian Deep Learning for Exoplanet Atmospheric Retrieval
King’s College London(伦敦国王学院);University of Central Florida(中佛罗里达大学);University of Pittsburgh(匹兹堡大学);Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology(卢森堡科学技术研究院);University of Oxford(牛津大学);University of Bern(伯尔尼大学);Google Cloud(谷歌云);NASA Astrobiology Institute(美国国家航空航天局天体生物学研究所);NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心)
Probing the origins. III. Exoplanet demographics across Galactic birth radii
Universidad de Alcalá(阿尔卡拉大学);Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile(智利天主教 Pontificia 大学);Instituto de Astrofísica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile(智利天主教 Pontificia 大学天体物理研究所);Centro de Astrobiología (CAB) CSIC-INTA(CSIC-INTA 天体生物学中心);European Space Agency (ESA), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC)(欧洲空间局(ESA)欧洲空间天文中心);Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences(波兰科学院尼古拉·哥白尼天文中心)
Improved Constraints on the Surface of LHS 3844 b from its Mid-Infrared Spectrum
California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院);Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey(新泽西州立罗格斯大学);The Pennsylvania State University(宾夕法尼亚州立大学);Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院喷气推进实验室);University of Colorado Boulder(科罗拉多大学博尔德分校);NASA Goddard Space Flight Center(美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心)
本研究利用 JWST 中红外光谱改进 LHS 3844 b 表面约束,获得最高信噪比发射光谱,识别出 10-12 微米暂定特征,可能对应铁橄榄石表面,并讨论仪器斜坡影响及缓解策略。
From Hubble to HWO: Bridging the Frontier of White Dwarf Exoplanet Science
NOIRLab(国家光学红外天文研究实验室);University of Leicester(莱斯特大学);University of Victoria(维多利亚大学);University of Cambridge(剑桥大学);University of Warwick(华威大学);Center for Astrophysics — Harvard & Smithsonian(哈佛-史密森尼天体物理中心);Space Telescope Science Institute(太空望远镜科学研究所);Université de Montréal(蒙特利尔大学);Centre de recherche en astrophysique du Québec(魁北克天体物理学研究中心);Observatoire du Mont-Mégantic(蒙梅格尼克天文台)