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arXiv 1810.04083astro-ph.SR
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星系晕中的一个失控巨人

A Runaway Giant in the Galactic Halo

Philip Massey, Stephen E. Levine, Kathryn F. Neugent, Emily Levesque, Nidia Morrell, Brian Skiff

摘要:

盖亚卫星提供的新证据将失控恒星J 01020100 -7122208的位置定位在银河系的晕中,而不是之前认为的小麦哲伦星云中。我们对这颗恒星的物理和运动学特性进行了重新分析,这表明这颗恒星可能是一个比以前报道的更非凡的发现。该恒星是一颗年龄为1.8亿年的3-4 Mo G5-8亮巨星,有效温度为4800+/-100 K,金属丰度为{Fe/H]=-0.5,光度为log L/Lo=2.70+/-0.20 dex。与演化轨迹的比较确定该恒星处于巨星或早期渐近巨星分支阶段。自行,加上先前已知的径向速度,产生了296 km/s的总银河系中心空间速度。这颗恒星目前位于银河系平面下方6.4kpc,但我们对其轨道的分析显示,它在大约2500万年前穿过了圆盘。这颗恒星的金属丰度和年龄反对它是原生的晕,我们认为这颗恒星很可能是从盘中弹出的。我们讨论了几个弹射机制,并得出结论,最有可能的情况是喷射银河系的中央黑洞根据我们的分析恒星的轨道。J 01020100 -7122208的大径向速度的识别是在SMC投影中看到的偶然事件,我们认为在盖亚数据中可能会发现许多类似的物体。

英文摘要:

New evidence provided by the Gaia satellite places the location of the runaway star J01020100-7122208 in the halo of the Milky Way (MW) rather than in the Small Magellanic Cloud as previously thought. We conduct a reanalysis of the star's physical and kinematic properties, which indicates that the star may be an even more extraordinary find than previously reported. The star is a 180 Myr old 3-4 Mo G5-8 bright giant, with an effective temperature of 4800+/-100 K, a metallicity of {Fe/H]=-0.5, and a luminosity of log L/Lo=2.70+/-0.20 dex. A comparison with evolutionary tracks identifies the star as being in a giant or early asymptotic giant branch stage. The proper motion, combined with the previously known radial velocity, yields a total Galactocentric space velocity of 296 km/s. The star is currently located 6.4 kpc below the plane of the Milky Way, but our analysis of its orbit shows it passed through the disk ~25 Myr ago. The star's metallicity and age argue against it being native to the halo, and we suggest that the star was likely ejected from the disk. We discuss several ejection mechanisms, and conclude that the most likely scenario is ejection by the Milky Way's central black hole based upon our analysis of the star's orbit. The identification of the large radial velocity of J01020100-7122208 came about as a happenstance of it being seen in projection with the SMC, and we suggest that many similar objects may be revealed in Gaia data.

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