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arXiv 1810.03330cond-mat.soft
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蛋白质与聚电解质相互作用的理论与实验比较

Interaction of Proteins with Polyelectrolytes: A Comparison between Theory and Experiment

Xiao Xu, Stefano Angioletti-Uberti, Yan Lu, Joachim Dzubiella, Matthias Ballauff

摘要:

我们讨论了最近的调查与蛋白质的聚电解质的相互作用。特别是,我们回顾了我们最近的研究,简单的蛋白质,如人血清白蛋白(HSA)或溶菌酶与线性聚电解质,带电树枝状聚合物,带电网络,刷的相互作用。在这里讨论的所有情况下,我们结合实验工作与分子动力学(MD)模拟和平均场论。特别是,等温滴定量热法(ITC)已被用来获得各自的结合常数Kb和结合的吉布斯自由能。MD-模拟明确的抗衡离子,但隐含的水表明,抗衡离子的释放是主要的驱动力,为蛋白质的结合带强电荷的聚电解质:补丁的正电荷位于表面的蛋白质成为一个多价的抗衡离子的抗衡离子,从而释放出大量的抗衡离子上凝聚的。由于反离子释放的结合吉布斯自由能的预测标度与系统中的盐浓度的对数,这是通过模拟和实验验证。在几种情况下,即蛋白质与线性聚电解质和高度带电的亲水性树枝状聚合物的相互作用,结合常数可以从模拟计算在非常好的近似。这一发现表明,在这些情况下,明确的水化效应不有助于结合的吉布斯自由能。吉布斯自由能也可以用于预测蛋白质吸收的动力学微凝胶对于一个给定的系统,通过应用动态密度泛函理论。

英文摘要:

We discuss recent investigations of the interaction of polyelectrolytes with proteins. In particular, we review our recent studies on the interaction of simple proteins such as human serum albumin (HSA) or lysozyme with linear polyelectrolytes, charged dendrimers, charged networks, and polyelectrolyte brushes. In all cases discussed here we combined experimental work with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and mean-field theories. In particular, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) has been employed to obtain the respective binding constants Kb and the Gibbs free energy of binding. MD-simulations with explicit counterions but implicit water demonstrate that counterion release is the main driving force for the binding of proteins to strongly charged polyelectrolytes: Patches of positive charges located on the surface of the protein become a multivalent counterion of the polyelectrolyte thereby releasing a number of counterions condensed on the polyelectrolyte. The binding Gibbs free energy due to counterion release is predicted to scale with the logarithm of the salt concentration in the system which is verified both by simulations and experiment. In several cases, namely for the interaction of proteins with linear polyelectrolytes and highly charged hydrophilic dendrimers the binding constant could be calculated from simulations in very good approximation. This finding demonstrated that in these cases explicit hydration effects do not contribute to the Gibbs free energy of binding. The Gibbs free energy can also be used to predict the kinetics of protein uptake by microgels for a given system by applying dynamic density functional theory.

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