网络中的混合模式和个体差异
Mixing patterns and individual differences in networks
摘要：
我们研究网络中的混合模式，这意味着不同类型的节点相互连接的倾向。节点偏好连接与自己相似的其他节点的现象已经得到了广泛的研究，但在这里，我们进一步研究了相似的节点如何以及在多大程度上具有不同的偏好。例如，友谊网络中的许多人可能更喜欢与自己年龄大致相同的朋友，但有些人可能会表现出对年长或年轻朋友的偏好。我们介绍了一个网络模型，捕捉这种行为和方法，将其拟合到经验网络数据。我们提出的指标来表征的平均值和变化的混合模式，并显示如何推断其值从拟合模型，无论是使用最大似然估计的模型参数或在贝叶斯框架，不需要固定任何参数。
英文摘要：
We study mixing patterns in networks, meaning the propensity for nodes of different kinds to connect to one another. The phenomenon of assortative mixing, whereby nodes prefer to connect to others that are similar to themselves, has been widely studied, but here we go further and examine how and to what extent nodes that are otherwise similar can have different preferences. Many individuals in a friendship network, for instance, may prefer friends who are roughly the same age as themselves, but some may display a preference for older or younger friends. We introduce a network model that captures this behavior and a method for fitting it to empirical network data. We propose metrics to characterize the mean and variation of mixing patterns and show how to infer their values from the fitted model, either using maximum-likelihood estimates of model parameters or in a Bayesian framework that does not require fixing any parameters.
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