冰模板聚偏氟乙烯铁电驻极体
Ice-templated poly(vinylidene fluoride) ferroelectrets
摘要：
铁电驻极体是压电活性聚合物泡沫，可以将外部施加的负载转换为电荷。用于产生适合于铁电驻极体的所需几何形状和对准程度的孔的现有加工路线基于复杂的机械拉伸和化学溶解步骤。作为一种简单、经济和环保的方法，冷冻铸造能够用几乎所有类型的材料（包括聚合物）产生对齐的孔。在这项工作中，我们提出了第一个示范的冷冻铸造，以创建聚合物铁电驻极体。对孔隙率为24%~ 78%的聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）铁电驻极体的孔隙形貌、相分析、相对介电常数和直接压电充电系数（d33）进行了分析。在定向冷冻过程中产生的孔道的长程对齐被证明是有益的，在通过电晕极化在孔道中的空气击穿后形成高度极化的结构。这种新方法为在铁电驻极体材料中创建定制的孔隙和空隙开辟了一条道路，用于与传感器和振动能量收集相关的换能器应用。
英文摘要：
Ferroelectrets are piezoelectrically-active polymer foams that can convert externally applied loads into electric charge. Existing processing routes used to create pores of the desired geometry and degree of alignment appropriate for ferroelectrets are based on complex mechanical stretching and chemical dissolution steps. As a simple, cost effective and environmentally friendly approach, freeze casting is able to produce aligned pores with almost all types of the materials, including polymers. In this work, we present the first demonstration of freeze casting to create polymeric ferroelectrets. The pore morphology, phase analysis, relative permittivity and direct piezoelectric charge coefficient (d33) of porous poly(vinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ferroelectrets with porosity volume fractions ranging from 24% to 78% were analysed. The long-range alignment of pore channels produced during directional freezing was shown to be beneficial in forming a highly polarised structure after breakdown of air in the pore channels via corona poling. This new method opens a way to create tailored pores and voids in ferroelectret materials for transducer applications related to sensors and vibration energy harvesting.
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