来自盘侦探公民科学计划的盘候选者的后续成像：在WISE绕恒星盘巡天中的新发现和假阳性
Follow-up Imaging of Disk Candidates from the Disk Detective Citizen Science Project: New Discoveries and False-Positives in WISE Circumstellar Disk Surveys
摘要：
磁盘侦探公民科学项目的目标是在宽视场红外巡天探测器（WISE）发布的AllWISE数据中，从星周尘埃中寻找具有超过22- $μ$ m发射的新星。我们评估了261个磁盘探测感兴趣的对象与成像的Robo-AO自适应光学仪器上的1.5米望远镜在帕洛马天文台和RetroCam上的2.5米杜邦望远镜在拉斯坎帕纳斯天文台搜索背景对象在0.15“-12”的每个目标的分离。我们对这些数据的分析导致我们拒绝了7%的目标。结合这一结果与统计数据，从我们的在线图像分类工作意味着，在最$7.9\% \pm 0.2\%$的AllWISE选择的红外过剩是很好的磁盘候选人。将我们的假阳性率应用到其他调查中，我们发现McDonald et al.（2012），McDonald et al.（2017）和Marton et al.（2016）的红外过量搜索都有假阳性率$>70\%$。此外，我们发现Theissen & West（2014）中W 4信噪比>3的所有13个磁盘候选者都是假阳性。我们提出了244个磁盘候选人，幸存下来的后续成像审查。其中，213个是新发现的磁盘系统。其中12个是基于\textit{Gaia}天体测量学的同向运动对的候选成员，支持温暖的尘埃与双星系统有关的假设。我们还注意到，在天蝎座-半人马座星协的两个已知成员周围发现了22 $μ$ m的过剩，并确定已知的磁盘主机WISEA J164540.79-310226.6可能是天蝎座-半人马座星协的成员。其中31个候选盘比$\sim 125$ pc更近（包括27个碎片盘），使它们成为直接成像系外行星搜索的良好目标。
英文摘要：
The Disk Detective citizen science project aims to find new stars with excess 22-$μ$m emission from circumstellar dust in the AllWISE data release from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). We evaluated 261 Disk Detective objects of interest with imaging with the Robo-AO adaptive optics instrument on the 1.5m telescope at Palomar Observatory and with RetroCam on the 2.5m du Pont telescope at Las Campanas Observatory to search for background objects at 0.15''-12'' separations from each target. Our analysis of these data lead us to reject 7% of targets. Combining this result with statistics from our online image classification efforts implies that at most $7.9\% \pm 0.2\%$ of AllWISE-selected infrared excesses are good disk candidates. Applying our false positive rates to other surveys, we find that the infrared excess searches of McDonald et al. (2012), McDonald et al. (2017), and Marton et al. (2016) all have false positive rates $>70\%$. Moreover, we find that all thirteen disk candidates in Theissen & West (2014) with W4 signal-to-noise >3 are false positives. We present 244 disk candidates that have survived vetting by follow-up imaging. Of these, 213 are newly-identified disk systems. Twelve of these are candidate members of comoving pairs based on \textit{Gaia} astrometry, supporting the hypothesis that warm dust is associated with binary systems. We also note the discovery of 22 $μ$m excess around two known members of the Scorpius-Centaurus association, and identify known disk host WISEA J164540.79-310226.6 as a likely Sco-Cen member. Thirty-one of these disk candidates are closer than $\sim 125$ pc (including 27 debris disks), making them good targets for direct imaging exoplanet searches.
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