利用光学光度学和偏振学对活跃半导体材料BL Lacertae和S5 B0716 +714的洛伦兹不变性和CPT破坏的限制
Constraints on Lorentz Invariance and CPT Violation using Optical Photometry and Polarimetry of Active Galaxies BL Lacertae and S5 B0716+714
摘要：
各种超越标准模型的量子引力方法预测了在接近普朗克尺度的能量下的洛伦兹不变性和电荷-宇称-时间破坏。这些模型经常预测光的波长相关的速度，这将导致在不同能量的迅速发射的光子之间的时间延迟，以及由真空双折射引起的光子的线性偏振平面的波长相关的旋转。在这里，我们描述了一个试点计划与自动化系统的小型望远镜，可以同时进行高节奏的光学测光和偏振活动星系核（AGN）在多个通带。我们使用这些观察作为一个证明的原则，以证明这些数据可以用来测试各种洛伦兹破坏模型，包括特殊情况下的标准模型扩展（SME）。在我们使用这个系统的最初活动中，我们观察到两个活动星系核源，包括红移z = 0.069的BL Lacertae和z = 0.31的S5 B 0716 +714。我们表明，光学偏振与宽带亮度滤波器相结合，同时$I_c$ -波段观测产生SME参数的约束，高达~10和~30倍更敏感，比标准的$I_c$ -波段滤波器，质量尺寸d = 5和d = 6的SME模型，分别。只使用一个小的系统的望远镜与有效的0.45米的孔径，我们进一步证明了d = 5的约束，为个别线的视线是在一个因素的~1-10的灵敏度可比的约束，从光学偏振与3.6米的望远镜。这种方法可以通过使用多个1米级望远镜对活动星系核进行全天空偏振测量来显着改善现有的SME约束。
英文摘要：
Various quantum gravity approaches that extend beyond the standard model predict Lorentz Invariance and Charge-Parity-Time Violation at energies approaching the Planck scale. These models frequently predict a wavelength dependent speed of light, which would result in time delays between promptly emitted photons at different energies, as well as a wavelength-dependent rotation of the plane of linear polarization for photons resulting from vacuum birefringence. Here, we describe a pilot program with an automated system of small telescopes that can simultaneously conduct high cadence optical photometry and polarimetry of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) in multiple passbands. We use these observations as a proof-of-principle to demonstrate how such data can be used to test various Lorentz Violation models, including special cases of the Standard Model Extension (SME). In our initial campaign with this system, the Array Photo Polarimeter, we observed two AGN sources, including BL Lacertae at redshift z = 0.069, and S5 B0716+714 at z = 0.31. We demonstrate that optical polarimetry with a broadband Luminance filter combined with simultaneous $I_c$-band observations yields SME parameter constraints that are up to ~10 and ~30 times more sensitive than with a standard $I_c$-band filter, for SME models with mass dimension d = 5 and d = 6, respectively. Using only a small system of telescopes with an effective 0.45-m aperture, we further demonstrate d = 5 constraints for individual lines of sight that are within a factor of ~1-10 in sensitivity to comparable constraints from optical polarimetry with a 3.6-m telescope. Such an approach could significantly improve existing SME constraints via a polarimetric all-sky survey of AGN with multiple 1-meter class telescopes.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
