微透镜图像的第一分辨率
First Resolution of Microlensed Images
摘要：
我们采用VLTI重力解决，第一次，由引力微透镜产生的两个图像。得到的像间距θ_{-，+}=3.78 +/- 0.05质量，从而得到的爱因斯坦半径θ_E =1.87 +/- 0.03质量是精确的。这证明了该方法的鲁棒性，只要源对于重力足够亮（K <~ 10.5）并且图像分离是条纹间距的量级或大于条纹间距。当θ_E与“微透镜视差”π_E的测量相结合时，两者将共同产生透镜质量和透镜-源相对视差和自行。由于盖亚可以很好地测量源视差和自行，这意味着透镜的特性将被完全确定，无论它是否被证明是发光的。这种方法可以是一个强大的探测黑暗，孤立的对象，否则很难识别，更不用说表征。我们的测量结果与爱因斯坦（1936）的预测相矛盾，即“发光的圆圈[即，微透镜图像]无法与恒星区分开来。
英文摘要：
We employ VLTI GRAVITY to resolve, for the first time, the two images generated by a gravitational microlens. The measurements of the image separation θ_{-,+}=3.78 +/- 0.05 mas, and hence the Einstein radius θ_E =1.87 +/- 0.03 mas, are precise. This demonstrates the robustness of the method, provided that the source is bright enough for GRAVITY (K <~ 10.5) and the image separation is of order or larger than the fringe spacing. When θ_E is combined with a measurement of the "microlens parallax" π_E, the two will together yield the lens mass and lens-source relative parallax and proper motion. Because the source parallax and proper motion are well measured by Gaia, this means that the lens characteristics will be fully determined, whether or not it proves to be luminous. This method can be a powerful probe of dark, isolated objects, which are otherwise quite difficult to identify, much less characterize. Our measurement contradicts Einstein's (1936) prediction that "the luminous circle [i.e., microlensed image] cannot be distinguished" from a star.
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