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arXiv 1809.03597astro-ph.GA
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在附近星暴ESO 338- IG04晕中驱动电离、激波和外流的超级星团反馈

Super star cluster feedback driving ionization, shocks and outflows in the halo of the nearby starburst ESO 338-IG04

A. Bik, G. Östlin, V. Menacho, A. Adamo, M. Hayes, E. C. Herenz, J. Melinder

摘要:

恒星反馈强烈影响星系的星际介质。第一个星系中的恒星反馈可能在使LyC光子逃逸方面发挥了重要作用,这有助于宇宙的再电离。附近的星暴星系作为本地的类似物,允许在这些星系的反馈过程的空间分辨评估。我们在ISM上描述了来自本地高红移类似物ESO 338-IG 04中星团的反馈效应,并将结果与最大质量星团的性质进行了比较。我们使用高质量的VLT/MUSE光学积分场数据来推导ISM的物理特性,如电离,密度,冲击,并从HST成像中对ESO 338-IG 04中最亮的星系团的光谱能量分布进行新的拟合。ESO 338-IG 04有一个大的电离晕,我们探测到的距离为9 kpc。我们确定4沃尔夫-拉叶(WR)集群的基础上,蓝色和红色的WR凹凸。我们遵循之前确定的电离锥,发现晕的电离随着距离的增加而增加。对星系运动学的分析显示,星系中众多年轻的星系团驱动着两个复杂的外流。我们发现了一个环的冲击辐射跟踪增强[OI]/H $α$的比例周围的星暴和流出的结束。最后,我们检测到与外流有关的富氮气体,可能是由大质量星团中的WR星引起的。光致电离主导了中心的星暴,并设置了整个晕的电离结构,导致密度限制的晕,促进了LyC光子的逃逸。在中心星暴之外,由膨胀的超级气泡引发的冲击变得重要。在外流结束时的冲击表明热流出的物质和更安静的晕气体之间的相互作用。

英文摘要:

Stellar feedback strongly affects the interstellar medium (ISM) of galaxies. Stellar feedback in the first galaxies likely plays a major role in enabling the escape of LyC photons, which contribute to the re-ionization of the Universe. Nearby starburst galaxies serve as local analogues allowing for a spatially resolved assessment of the feedback processes in these galaxies. We characterize the feedback effects from the star clusters in the local high-redshift analogue ESO 338-IG04 on the ISM and compare the results with the properties of the most massive clusters. We use high quality VLT/MUSE optical integral field data to derive the physical properties of the ISM such as ionization, density, shocks, and perform new fitting of the spectral energy distributions of the brightest clusters in ESO 338-IG04 from HST imaging. ESO 338-IG04 has a large ionized halo which we detect to a distance of 9 kpc. We identify 4 Wolf-Rayet (WR) clusters based on the blue and red WR bump. We follow previously identified ionization cones and find that the ionization of the halo increases with distance. Analysis of the galaxy kinematics shows two complex outflows driven by the numerous young clusters in the galaxy. We find a ring of shocked emission traced by an enhanced [OI]/H$α$ ratio surrounding the starburst and at the end of the outflow. Finally we detect nitrogen enriched gas associated with the outflow, likely caused by the WR stars in the massive star clusters. Photo-ionization dominates the central starburst and sets the ionization structure of the entire halo, resulting in a density bounded halo, facilitating the escape of LyC photons. Outside the central starburst, shocks triggered by an expanding super bubble become important. The shocks at the end of the outflow suggest interaction between the hot outflowing material and the more quiescent halo gas.

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