YZiCS：团簇流体力学放大模拟中暗晕的预处理
YZiCS: Preprocessing of dark halos in the hydrodynamic zoom-in simulation of clusters
摘要：
为了理解今天星系团中的星系数量，我们还应该考虑星系团坠落之前的环境的影响，即预处理。我们使用YZiCS，一个流体动力学的高分辨率放大模拟的15个集群，并专注于潮汐剥离所遭受的暗物质晕的集群成员，由于预处理。我们发现今天的集群成员中有48%曾经是其他主机的卫星。这比以前的估计略高，部分原因是我们不仅考虑了群质量主机，而且还考虑了所有质量的主机。因此，我们发现预处理的分数与集群质量相关性很差，而是与每个集群的最近质量增长率相关。质量小于群的粒子是重要的贡献者，提供了超过三分之一的预处理部分。我们发现，晕质量损失是一个明确的函数的时间花费在主机。然而，有两个因素可以大大增加质量损失率：卫星与其宿主的质量比，以及卫星宿主的宇宙学时代。后者意味着我们以前可能低估了高红移群的作用。从今天集群中严重潮汐剥离成员的样本来看，近四分之三以前在宿主中。因此，明显受到干扰的集群成员更有可能经历过预处理。在集群崩溃之前被托管，使集群成员能够在更长的时间内经历潮汐剥离，而不是直接集群崩溃，并且在主机更具破坏性的早期。
英文摘要：
To understand the galaxy population in clusters today, we should also consider the impact of previous environments prior to cluster infall, namely preprocessing. We use YZiCS, a hydrodynamic high-resolution zoom-in simulation of 15 clusters, and focus on the tidal stripping suffered by the dark matter halos of cluster members due to preprocessing. We find ~48% of today's cluster members were once satellites of other hosts. This is slightly higher than previous estimates, in part, because we consider not just group-mass hosts, but hosts of all masses also. Thus, we find the preprocessed fraction is poorly correlated with cluster mass and is instead related to each cluster's recent mass growth rate. Hosts less massive than groups are significant contributors, providing more than one-third of the total preprocessed fraction. We find that halo mass loss is a clear function of the time spent in hosts. However, two factors can increase the mass loss rate considerably; the mass ratio of a satellite to its host, and the cosmological epoch when the satellite was hosted. The latter means we may have previously underestimated the role of high redshift groups. From a sample of heavily tidally stripped members in clusters today, nearly three quarters were previously in a host. Thus, visibly disturbed cluster members are more likely to have experienced preprocessing. Being hosted before cluster infall enables cluster members to experience tidal stripping for extended durations compared to direct cluster infall and at earlier epochs when hosts were more destructive.
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