最大的认知系统将是光电系统
The largest cognitive systems will be optoelectronic
摘要：
电子和光子为信息处理提供了互补的优势。光子非常适合通信，而电子则更适合计算和存储。认知需要分布式计算在整个系统中进行通信，以实现信息集成。我们提出的推理，从神经科学，网络理论和设备物理学支持的猜想，大规模的认知系统将受益于电子设备执行突触，树突状细胞和神经元信息处理与光子通信。在芯片级，集成介质波导可实现成千上万个连接的扇出。在系统尺度上，可以采用光纤和自由空间光学。最大的认知系统将受到网络振荡期间光可以传播的距离的限制。我们计算，光电网络的面积的一个大型数据中心（$10^5$ \，m $^2$）将能够在$1$ \，MHz的系统范围内的信息集成。在人类大脑皮层范围内的整合频率（$4$ \，Hz，theta波段），光电系统可以整合地球表面的信息。
英文摘要：
Electrons and photons offer complementary strengths for information processing. Photons are excellent for communication, while electrons are superior for computation and memory. Cognition requires distributed computation to be communicated across the system for information integration. We present reasoning from neuroscience, network theory, and device physics supporting the conjecture that large-scale cognitive systems will benefit from electronic devices performing synaptic, dendritic, and neuronal information processing operating in conjunction with photonic communication. On the chip scale, integrated dielectric waveguides enable fan-out to thousands of connections. On the system scale, fiber and free-space optics can be employed. The largest cognitive systems will be limited by the distance light can travel during the period of a network oscillation. We calculate that optoelectronic networks the area of a large data center ($10^5$\,m$^2$) will be capable of system-wide information integration at $1$\,MHz. At frequencies of cortex-wide integration in the human brain ($4$\,Hz, theta band), optoelectronic systems could integrate information across the surface of the earth.
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