arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1809.01548astro-ph.SRastro-ph.EPastro-ph.IM
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测量单个谱线上的精确径向速度。I.减缓恒星活动的方法和应用的验证

Measuring precise radial velocities on individual spectral lines. I. Validation of the method and application to mitigate stellar activity

Xavier Dumusque

摘要:

恒星活动是使用RV技术探测地球孪星的主要限制。尽管许多努力试图使用经验和统计技术来减轻恒星活动的影响,但似乎我们正面临着一个使用现有技术极难克服的障碍。在本文中,我们研究了一种新的方法来获得精确的RV考虑到丰富的信息存在于高分辨率光谱。这种新的方法包括从所有的观测建立一个主光谱,并测量光谱中每条谱线相对于它的RV。当分析多个光谱时,最终产品是每条谱线作为时间函数的RV。我们证明了三颗星密集观察HARPS,我们的新方法给出的RV是非常相似的HARPS数据简化软件。我们的新方法来获得RV表明,每日HARPS波长解决方案的不稳定性引起夜间RV偏移的标准偏差为0.4米/秒,我们提出了一个解决方案来纠正这个系统。最后,这可能是最天体物理相关的结果,本文中,我们证明了一些谱线强烈的恒星活动的影响,而其他人没有。通过测量两个精心选择的谱线子样本上的RV,我们证明我们可以将2010年Alpha Cen B RV中恒星活动引起的红噪声提高2倍或减轻1.6倍。通过测量每条谱线的RV,我们能够达到与其他批准技术相同的RV精度。此外,这种新方法可以证明每条线都受到恒星活动的不同影响。初步结果表明,详细研究每条谱线的行为可能是克服恒星活动的关键。

英文摘要:

Stellar activity is the main limitation to the detection of Earth-twins using the RV technique. Despite many efforts in trying to mitigate the effect of stellar activity using empirical and statistical techniques, it seems that we are facing an obstacle that will be extremely difficult to overcome using current techniques. In this paper, we investigate a novel approach to derive precise RVs considering the wealth of information present in high-resolution spectra. This new method consists in building a master spectrum from all observations and measure the RVs of each spectral line in a spectrum relative to it. When analysing several spectra, the final product is the RVs of each line as a function of time. We demonstrate on three stars intensively observed with HARPS that our new method gives RVs that are extremely similar to the ones derived from the HARPS data reduction software. Our new approach to derive RVs demonstrates that the non-stability of daily HARPS wavelength solution induces night-to-night RV offsets with an standard deviation of 0.4 m/s, and we propose a solution to correct for this systematic. Finally, and this is probably the most astrophysically relevant result of this paper, we demonstrate that some spectral lines are strongly affected by stellar activity while others are not. By measuring the RVs on two carefully selected subsample of spectral lines, we demonstrate that we can boost by a factor of 2 or mitigate by a factor of 1.6 the red noise induced by stellar activity in the 2010 RVs of Alpha Cen B. By measuring the RVs of each spectral line, we are able to reach the same RV precision as other approved techniques. In addition, this new approach allows to demonstrate that each line is differently affected by stellar activity. Preliminary results show that studying in details the behaviour of each spectral line is probably the key to overcome stellar activity.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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