脂冰中波传播的实验：组合波计和PIV测量
Experiments on wave propagation in grease ice: combined wave gauges and PIV measurements
摘要：
对于极地地区来说，脂冰对水波的衰减是一个关键机制，因为冰中的波会影响许多现象，如冰漂移、冰破裂和冰的形成。然而，到目前为止，在文献中提出的模型是有限的，在一些方面，需要更多的见解，无论是实验室实验或实地考察，这些模型进行验证和改进。不幸的是，无论是在现场还是在实验室中，对脂冰中的波传播进行详细的测量都是具有挑战性的。因此，实验室数据相对较少，并且通常仅包括沿波浪水槽长度的几个波浪高程测量值。我们提出了一个小规模的波浪水槽实验中，使用超声波探头阵列和水的运动学，粒子图像测速（PIV）相结合的测量波高程。实验进行了更广泛的频率范围比以前已经调查。波高测量用于计算波数和指数阻尼系数。与以往的研究相比，在脂冰，我们发现，波数是一致的质量加载模型，即它增加相比，开放水域的情况下。波衰减进行了比较，一系列的一层模型，我们表明，他们令人满意地描述了粘性阻尼正在发生。PIV数据也与指数波振幅衰减一致，POD分析揭示了冰下平均流量的存在，这是由波致应力梯度引起的冰位移和填充的结果。最后，我们表明，油冰的动力学可以产生涡结构，注入涡粘性的水下的油冰，这将导致增强混合和参与能量耗散。
英文摘要：
Water wave attenuation by grease ice is a key mechanism for the polar regions, as waves in ice influence many phenomena such as ice drift, ice breaking, and ice formation. However, the models presented so far in the literature are limited in a number of regards, and more insights are required from either laboratory experiments or fieldwork for these models to be validated and improved. Unfortunately, performing detailed measurements of wave propagation in grease ice, either on the field or in the laboratory, is challenging. As a consequence, laboratory data are relatively scarce, and often consist of only a couple of wave elevation measurements along the length of the wave tank. We present combined measurements of wave elevation using an array of ultrasonic probes, and water kinematics using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), in a small-scale wave tank experiment. Experiments are performed over a wider frequency range than what has been previously investigated. The wave elevation measurements are used to compute the wave number and exponential damping coefficient. By contrast with a previous study in grease ice, we find that the wave number is consistent with the mass loading model, i.e. it increases compared with the open water case. Wave attenuation is compared with a series of one-layer models, and we show that they satisfactorily describe the viscous damping that is taking place. PIV data are also consistent with exponential wave amplitude attenuation, and a POD analysis reveals the existence of mean flows under the ice that are a consequence of the displacement and packing of the ice induced by the gradient in the wave-induced stress. Finally, we show that the dynamics of grease ice can generate eddy structures that inject eddy viscosity in the water under the grease ice, which would lead to enhanced mixing and participating in energy dissipation.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
