光-物质相互作用中的集体模干涉
Collective Mode Interferences in Light--Matter Interactions
摘要：
本文对稠密冷原子气体的瞬态光学性质进行了理论和实验分析。在弱相干驱动场（平均光子数$\sim 1.5$）快速消光后，观察到瞬态“闪光”。令人惊讶的是，“闪光”的衰减比系统中最快的超辐射模式的衰减更快。我们表明，这种“比超辐射衰减快”预期由于集体本征模之间的干扰，表现出一系列的频率偏移远离裸露的原子过渡。实验结果证实，超辐射闪光的初始衰减率随光学深度的增加而增加，与实验条件下的数值模拟结果一致。
英文摘要：
We present a theoretical and experimental analysis of transient optical properties of a dense cold atomic gas. After the rapid extinction of a weak coherent driving field (mean photon number $\sim 1.5$), a transient `flash' is observed. Surprisingly the decay of the `flash' is faster than the decay of the fastest superradiant mode of the system. We show that this `faster than superradiance decay' is expected due to the interference between collective eigenmodes that exhibit a range of frequency shifts away from the bare atomic transition. Experimental results confirm that the initial decay rate of the superradiant flash increases with optical depth, in agreement with the numerical simulations for the experimental conditions.
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