纳米流体摇摆布朗马达
Nanofluidic Rocking Brownian Motors
摘要：
由于大多数相互作用机制的不利缩放到小的长度尺度，因此在流体中控制和传输纳米级物体是具有挑战性的。我们通过精确地塑造纳米流体狭缝的几何形状并利用带电粒子和壁之间的静电相互作用来设计纳米粒子的能量景观。定向输运是通过将不对称势与振荡电场相结合来实现的，以实现摇摆布朗马达。使用直径为60 nm的金球，我们研究了具有高时空分辨率的电动机的物理特性，从而实现了与理论的无参数比较。我们制造了一种分选设备，可以在几秒钟内将60和100纳米的颗粒从相反的方向分离出来。建模表明，该设备分离的颗粒具有1纳米的径向差异。
英文摘要：
Control and transport of nanoscale objects in fluids is challenging because of the unfavorable scaling of most interaction mechanisms to small length scales. We design energy landscapes for nanoparticles by accurately shaping the geometry of a nanofluidic slit and exploiting the electrostatic interaction between like charged particles and walls. Directed transport is performed by combining asymmetric potentials with an oscillating electric field to achieve a rocking Brownian motor. Using 60\,nm diameter gold spheres, we investigate the physics of the motors with high spatio-temporal resolution, enabling a parameter-free comparison with theory. We fabricated a sorting device that separates 60- and 100-nanometer particles in opposing directions within seconds. Modeling suggests that the device separates particles with a radial difference of 1 nanometer.
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