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arXiv 1808.07960quant-phcond-mat.mes-hall
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电路QED中的工程双线性模耦合:理论与实验

Engineering bilinear mode coupling in circuit QED: Theory and experiment

Yaxing Zhang, Brian J. Lester, Yvonne Y. Gao, Liang Jiang, R. J. Schoelkopf, S. M. Girvin

摘要:

由传输子环控制的超导微波腔的光子态为量子信息的编码和操纵提供了一个平台。扩大平台规模的一个关键挑战是需要在腔体之间按需通信信息。最近已经证明,两个腔之间的可调谐双线性相互作用可以通过将它们耦合到双色驱动的transmon辅助来实现,这允许交换和干涉腔的多光子状态[Gao等人,Phys. Rev. X 8,021073(2018)]。在这里,我们从理论上和实验上探索了实现快速SWAP门所需的辅助上的相对较强的驱动器的制度,但这也可能导致不希望的非微扰效应,降低SWAP保真度。我们开发了一个理论形式主义的基础上,线性响应理论,允许一个计算率的辅助诱导的相互作用,衰减和频率偏移的腔的磁化率矩阵。我们对待的驱动器非微扰使用Floquet理论,并发现,这两个驱动器的干扰可以强烈地改变系统的动态,即使在该政权的旋转波近似适用。我们确定了两个主要来源的不忠,由于附属退相干。i)辅助耗散和退相导致Floquet态之间的不相干跳跃,即使当辅助处于零温度时也会发生这种不相干跳跃,从而导致SWAP速率的突然变化。ii)腔通过逆Purcell效应从相对有损耗的辅助部分继承有限衰减;当驱动引起的AC斯塔克位移将某些辅助部分过渡频率推到腔频率附近时,可以增强该效应。理论预测与实验结果在数量上一致,为使用该理论设计未来的实验铺平了道路。

英文摘要:

Photonic states of superconducting microwave cavities controlled by transmon ancillas provide a platform for encoding and manipulating quantum information. A key challenge in scaling up the platform is the requirement to communicate on demand the information between the cavities. It has been recently demonstrated that a tunable bilinear interaction between two cavities can be realized by coupling them to a bichromatically-driven transmon ancilla, which allows swapping and interfering the multi-photon states of the cavities [Gao et al., Phys. Rev. X 8, 021073(2018)]. Here, we explore both theoretically and experimentally the regime of relatively strong drives on the ancilla needed to achieve fast SWAP gates but which can also lead to undesired non-perturbative effects that lower the SWAP fidelity. We develop a theoretical formalism based on linear response theory that allows one to calculate the rate of ancilla-induced interaction, decay and frequency shift of the cavities in terms of a susceptibility matrix. We treat the drives non-perturbatively using Floquet theory, and find that the interference of the two drives can strongly alter the system dynamics even in the regime where the rotating wave approximation applies. We identify two major sources of infidelity due to ancilla decoherence. i) Ancilla dissipation and dephasing leads to incoherent hopping among Floquet states which occurs even when the ancilla is at zero temperature, resulting in a sudden change of the SWAP rate. ii) The cavities inherit finite decay from the relatively lossy ancilla through the inverse Purcell effect; the effect can be enhanced when the drive-induced AC Stark shift pushes certain ancilla transition frequencies to the vicinity of the cavity frequencies. The theoretical predictions agree quantitatively with the experimental results, paving the way for using the theory to design future experiments.

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