半人马座A超新星SN 2016 adj中一氧化碳的早期形成
Early formation of carbon monoxide in the Centaurus A supernova SN 2016adj
摘要：
我们介绍了NGC 5128超新星SN 2016 adj在发现后的前两个月内的近红外光谱。我们报告的第一次泛音一氧化碳排放的检测在$\sim58.2$ d发现后，最早的检测CO在爆发的超新星之一。我们对CO排放进行建模，以推导出CO的质量、温度和速度，假设是纯的$^{12}$ CO和包含$^{13}$ CO的成分;后者的情况是陨石颗粒的同位素分析，这表明核心坍缩超新星可以合成大量的$^{13}$ C。我们的模型表明，虽然CO数据是充分解释纯$^{12}$ CO，他们不排除存在的$^{13}$ CO，限制$^{12}$ C/ $^{13}$ C $> 3$，第一个约束的$^{12}$ C/ $^{13}$ C比确定的近红外观测。我们估计红化的对象，和有效温度的能量分布在爆发。我们讨论了SN 2016 adj的喷出物是否可能是富碳的，红外数据告诉我们关于这颗超新星的分类，以及超新星中CO的早期形成可能对一般超新星中CO的形成有什么影响。
英文摘要：
We present near-infrared spectroscopy of the NGC 5128 supernova SN 2016adj in the first 2 months following discovery. We report the detection of first overtone carbon monoxide emission at $\sim58.2$ d after discovery, one of the earliest detections of CO in an erupting supernova. We model the CO emission to derive the CO mass, temperature and velocity, assuming both pure $^{12}$CO and a composition that includes $^{13}$CO; the case for the latter is the isotopic analyses of meteoritic grains, which suggest that core collapse supernovae can synthesise significant amounts of $^{13}$C. Our models show that, while the CO data are adequately explained by pure $^{12}$CO, they do not preclude the presence of $^{13}$CO, to a limit of $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C $> 3$, the first constraint on the $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C ratio determined from near-infrared observations. We estimate the reddening to the object, and the effective temperature from the energy distribution at outburst. We discuss whether the ejecta of SN 2016adj may be carbon-rich, what the infrared data tell us about the classification of this supernova, and what implications the early formation of CO in supernovae may have for CO formation in supernovae in general.
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