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arXiv 1808.02872astro-ph.HEastro-ph.GA
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Phoenix群集中的AGN反馈

AGN feedback in the Phoenix cluster

Ciro Pinto, Christopher J. Bambic, Jeremy S. Sanders, Andrew C. Fabian, Michael McDonald, Helen R. Russell, Haonan Liu, Christopher S. Reynolds

摘要:

活动星系核(AGN)向团内介质(ICM)释放大量能量,导致冷核团中心的抵消冷却和恒星形成(AGN反馈)。凤凰星系团是宇宙中已知的最大星系团之一。它每年都有数百个太阳质量的强大恒星爆发,中心有大量的分子气体。在这项工作中,我们使用高分辨率反射光栅光谱仪(RGS)上的XMM-牛顿研究的X射线发射的冷气体在凤凰星系团和加热-冷却平衡。我们首次检测到O VIII和Fe XXI-XXII发射线的证据,后者表明低于2千电子伏的气体的存在。我们发现在2 keV以下的冷却速率为350(-200,+250)Msun/年(在90%的置信水平),这与该天体的恒星形成速率一致。这种冷却速率足够高,以在浮力上升期间通过不稳定性产生在细丝中发现的分子气体。谱线变宽表明湍流(~ 300 km/s或更低)低于在整个冷核中产生和传播热量所需的水平。这为核心中大量冷气体、恒星形成和强大活动星系核的共存提供了一个自然的解释。由于活动星系核的吸积速率较高,活动星系核的活动可能处于年轻阶段,也可能处于不同的反馈模式。

英文摘要:

Active galactic nuclei (AGN) release a huge amount of energy into the intracluster medium (ICM) with the consequence of offsetting cooling and star formation (AGN feedback) in the centers of cool core clusters. The Phoenix cluster is among the most massive clusters of galaxies known in the Universe. It hosts a powerful starburst of several hundreds of Solar masses per year and a large amount of molecular gas in the center. In this work we use the high-resolution Reflection Grating Spectrometer (RGS) on board XMM-Newton to study the X-ray emitting cool gas in the Phoenix cluster and heating-cooling balance. We detect for the first time evidence of O VIII and Fe XXI-XXII emission lines, the latter demonstrating the presence of gas below 2 keV. We find a cooling rate of 350 (-200,+250) Msun/year below 2 keV (at the 90% confidence level), which is consistent with the star formation rate in this object. This cooling rate is high enough to produce the molecular gas found in the filaments via instabilities during the buoyant rising time. The line broadening indicates that the turbulence (~ 300 km/s or less) is below the level required to produce and propagate the heat throughout the cool core. This provides a natural explanation to the coexistence of large amounts of cool gas, star formation and a powerful AGN in the core. The AGN activity may be either at a young stage or in a different feedback mode, due to a high accretion rate.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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