纯金属熔体超快速晶体生长机理
The Mechanism of the Ultra-Fast Crystal Growth of Pure Metals from their Melts
摘要：
纯镍晶体从其熔体中以每秒70米的速度生长。这种非凡的生长速度导致了金属晶体可能提供下一代相变材料的建议。金属的巨大晶体生长速率是没有激活控制的动力学的结果，与晶体生长的经典理论的预测形成鲜明对比。虽然存在的增长动力学没有障碍，现在已经确立了在原子熔体，没有物理解释的激活障碍的情况下订购已成立。这是一个悖论，在液态金属中的扩散是由热激活，而相同的原子的运动，因为他们组织成一个晶体不是。在本文中，我们使用计算机模拟的结晶在纯金属明确解决的起源生长动力学没有障碍。
英文摘要：
A crystal of pure nickel grows from its melt at a rate that reaches 70 meters per second. This extraordinary growth rate has led to the suggestion that metallic crystals might provide the next generation of phase change materials. The huge crystal growth rates of metals are a consequence of kinetics without activated control, in sharp contrast to the prediction of the classic theory of crystal growth. While the existence of growth kinetics without barriers is now well established in atomic melts, no physical explanation for the absence of an activation barrier to ordering has been established. It is something of a paradox that diffusion in the liquid metal is governed by thermal activation while the movement of the same atoms as they organize into a crystal is not. In this paper we use computer simulations of crystallization in pure metals to explicitly resolve the origin of the growth kinetics without barriers.
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