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arXiv 1808.02577astro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
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拱形星系团的异常初始质量函数

The Unusual Initial Mass Function of the Arches Cluster

M. W. Hosek, J. R. Lu, J. Anderson, F. Najarro, A. M. Ghez, M. R. Morris, W. I. Clarkson, S. M. Albers

摘要:

作为中央分子区的一个年轻的大质量星团,拱星团是研究极端银心环境下恒星初始质量函数(IMF)的一个有价值的探测器。我们使用多历元哈勃太空望远镜的观测,以获得高精度的自行和光度测量的集群,计算集群成员的概率为1.8 M $_{\odot}$之间的集群半径为0.25 pc - 3.0 pc。我们实现了一个集群样本只有~8%的领域污染,一个显着的改善,在光度选择的样本,这是严重损害的差分消光整个领域。结合这个样本与K波段光谱的5个集群成员,我们向前模型的拱门集群,同时限制其国际货币基金组织和其他属性(如年龄和总质量),同时占观测的不确定性,完整性,质量分离,和恒星的多样性。我们发现,拱形IMF最好用一个明显头重脚轻的1段幂律来描述:$α$ = 1.80 $\pm$ 0.05(stat)$\pm$ 0.06(sys),其中dN/dm $\propto$ m $^{-α}$,尽管我们不能忽视一个两段幂律模型,它的高质量斜率只比局部恒星形成区略浅($α$ = 2.04 $^{+0.14}_{-0.19}$ $\pm$ 0.04),但在5.8 $^{+3.2}_{-1.2}$ $\pm$ 0.02 M $_{\odot}$处出现断裂。在任何一种情况下,Arches IMF都与标准IMF显著不同。比较拱门和银河系中其他年轻的大质量星团,我们发现了银河系中心系统性头重脚轻的IMF的初步证据。

英文摘要:

As a young massive cluster in the Central Molecular Zone, the Arches cluster is a valuable probe of the stellar Initial Mass Function (IMF) in the extreme Galactic Center environment. We use multi-epoch Hubble Space Telescope observations to obtain high-precision proper motion and photometric measurements of the cluster, calculating cluster membership probabilities for stars down to 1.8 M$_{\odot}$ between cluster radii of 0.25 pc -- 3.0 pc. We achieve a cluster sample with just ~8% field contamination, a significant improvement over photometrically-selected samples which are severely compromised by the differential extinction across the field. Combining this sample with K-band spectroscopy of 5 cluster members, we forward model the Arches cluster to simultaneously constrain its IMF and other properties (such as age and total mass) while accounting for observational uncertainties, completeness, mass segregation, and stellar multiplicity. We find that the Arches IMF is best described by a 1-segment power law that is significantly top-heavy: $α$ = 1.80 $\pm$ 0.05 (stat) $\pm$ 0.06 (sys), where dN/dm $\propto$ m$^{-α}$, though we cannot discount a 2-segment power law model with a high-mass slope only slightly shallower than local star forming regions ($α$ = 2.04$^{+0.14}_{-0.19}$ $\pm$ 0.04) but with a break at 5.8$^{+3.2}_{-1.2}$ $\pm$ 0.02 M$_{\odot}$. In either case, the Arches IMF is significantly different than the standard IMF. Comparing the Arches to other young massive clusters in the Milky Way, we find tentative evidence for a systematically top-heavy IMF at the Galactic Center.

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