颗粒流中颗粒团聚的实验研究
Laboratory Experiments on Agglomeration of Particles in a Granular Stream
摘要：
风化层颗粒之间发生非弹性碰撞，如火山口喷出物幕中的颗粒，可能导致颗粒聚集或团聚，从而在火山口周围产生离散的喷出物沉积物。以前的研究表明，团簇，甚至团聚体，形成通过相互的，非弹性碰撞的球形颗粒由于颗粒流中的颗粒之间的粘附力。为了研究颗粒流中团聚体形成的条件，我们进行了实验室实验的颗粒流使用球形和不规则，非球形颗粒。在这项研究中的颗粒粘附力的测量进行了使用离心分离方法，在以前的研究中，使用原子力显微镜（AFM）。这使得能够同时测量各种形状的多个颗粒，以便对结果进行统计分析。在相似的相对速度和附着力值下，发现不规则颗粒比球形颗粒更容易形成团聚体。球形颗粒和不规则颗粒的团聚体的轴向比是相似的，并且与先前的实验室研究中观察到的那些一致，而不规则颗粒的团聚体的尺寸大于球形颗粒的尺寸。附聚程度和附聚物的大小可以作为颗粒流中颗粒形状或粘附力的指标。我们对颗粒流中凝聚的研究结果可以为火卫一上无空气物体和凹槽的射线起源提供新的见解。
英文摘要：
Inelastic collisions occur among regolith particles, such as those in the ejecta curtain from a crater, and may cause clustering or agglomeration of particles and thus produce discrete patterns of ejecta deposits around a crater. Previous studies have shown that clusters, and even agglomerates, are formed via mutual, inelastic collisions of spherical particles due to adhering forces between particles in granular streams. To investigate the condition of agglomerate formation in granular streams, we conducted laboratory experiments of granular streams using both spherical and irregular, non-spherical particles. Measurements of particle adhesion in this study were performed using a centrifugal separation method, in contrast to the previous study in which atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used. This enabled simultaneous measurements of multiple particles of various shapes for a statistical analysis of the results. With similar relative velocities and adhesion values, irregular particles were found to form agglomerates much more easily than spherical particles. The axial ratio of the agglomerates of spherical particles and irregular particles was similar and was in accordance with those observed in previous laboratory studies, whereas the size of the agglomerates of irregular particles was larger than the size of spherical particles. The degree of agglomeration and the size of agglomerates can be used as an indicator of the shape or adhesive force of the particles in granular stream. Our findings on agglomeration in granular streams could provide new insights into the origin of rays on airless bodies and grooves on Phobos.
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