磁学的故事：从Heisenberg、Slater、Stoner到Van Vleck，以及交换与关联问题
The story of magnetism: from Heisenberg, Slater, and Stoner to Van Vleck, and the issues of exchange and correlation
AI总结：
本文按时间脉络梳理磁学核心思想发展，介绍多位先驱的贡献，阐述巡游电子磁学的兴起与Slater-Stoner理论的问题，梳理巡游与局域电子观点的争论及交换作用问题，回顾首个考虑电子关联的van Vleck-Hurwitz中间路线理论，最后讨论强电子关联问题。
摘要：
本文致力于阐述磁学领域核心思想的发展历程。内容呈现为半技术性质，大致遵循时间顺序。文章介绍了Van Vleck、Dorfman、Pauli、Heisenberg和Landau的关键贡献。随后阐述了巡游电子磁学领域的兴起：该领域始于Bloch和Wigner的研究，后由Slater和Stoner提出了更完善的理论表述。文章讨论了Slater-Stoner理论的物理基础，并总结了其存在的问题。接着概述了Stoner的巡游电子观点与Heisenberg的局域电子观点之间的争论，与这一争论相关的是交换相互作用的问题，文章还讨论了Stoner模型中交换相互作用起源的相关问题。我们回顾了van Vleck和Hurwitz的“中间路线”理论——这是首个在巡游模型中考虑电子关联效应的理论。最后，我们以巡游图像中强电子关联这一极为重要的问题的讨论收尾。
英文摘要：
This article is devoted to the development of the central ideas in the field of magnetism. The presentation is semi-technical in nature and it roughly follows the chronological order. The key contributions of Van Vleck, Dorfman, Pauli, Heisenberg, and Landau are presented. Then the advent of the field of itinerant electron magnetism starting with the investigations of Bloch and Wigner, and more successful formulation by Slater and Stoner is presented. The physical basis of the Slater-Stoner theory is discussed and its problems are summarized. Then, an overview of the debate between itinerant electron view of Stoner and localized electron view of Heisenberg is presented. Connected with this debate are the issues of exchange interactions. The issues related to the origin of exchange interaction in Stoner model are discussed. We review the "middle-road" theory of van Vleck and Hurwitz--the very first theory which takes into account the electron correlation effects in the itinerant model. We close our presentation with the discussion of the very important issue of strong electron correlation in the itinerant picture.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
