C-V2X安全要求和程序：调查和研究方向
C-V2X Security Requirements and Procedures: Survey and Research Directions
摘要：
第三代合作伙伴计划（3GPP）在版本14中定义了用于基于蜂窝的车辆到一切（C-V2X）通信的第一规范。C-V2X通过为LTE基站或eNB的覆盖范围内和覆盖范围外的车辆系统添加两种新的操作模式来扩展LTE的设备到设备通信模式。车辆到车辆（V2 V）通信模式不依赖于蜂窝基础设施，并且C-V2X设备采用分布式和基于感测的半持久调度来调度其分组传输。作为专用短程通信的一种有前途的替代方案，C-V2X的安全性方面需要仔细设计和评估，以确保服务和数据的可用性和完整性。本文讨论了可能的威胁场景，回顾了3GPP规范，发现尽管C-V2X具有安全关键性，但只有少数机制和程序被指定用于保护系统。我们讨论新兴技术，并提供研究方向，以提高C-V2X系统的安全性和可靠性，并确保其在民用和关键任务通信环境中的广泛采用。
英文摘要：
The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) defines the first specifications for cellular-based vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) communications in Release 14. C-V2X extends LTE's device-to-device communication modes by adding two new modes of operation for vehicular systems in coverage and out of coverage of an LTE base station, or eNB. The vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication mode does not rely on the cellular infrastructure and the C-V2X devices employ a distributed and sensing-based semi-persistent scheduling to schedule their packet transmissions. As a promising alternative to dedicated short range communications, the security aspects of C-V2X need to be carefully designed and evaluated to ensure the availability and integrity of the service and data. This paper discusses possible threat scenarios, reviews the 3GPP specifications and finds that, despite the safety-critical nature of C-V2X, only few mechanisms and procedures have be specified to secure the system. We discuss emerging technologies and provide research directions to improve C-V2X system security and reliability and ensure their widespread adoption in civilian and mission-critical communication contexts.
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