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arXiv 1807.09110astro-ph.GA
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群主导早型星系完整样本中的冷气体

Cold gas in a complete sample of group-dominant early-type galaxies

E. O'Sullivan, F. Combes, P. Salomé, L. P. David, A. Babul, J. M. Vrtilek, J. Lim, V. Olivares, S. Raychaudhury, G. Schellenberger

摘要:

本文介绍了IRAM 30 m和APEX望远镜对36个星系团主导的早型星系的CO(1-0)和CO(2-1)谱线的观测结果,完成了我们在完全局域体积星系团样本中对主导星系的分子气体测量。我们在其中12个星系中探测到CO发射,其显著性大于4 σ,分子气体质量在0.01-6x10^8 Msol之间,在非主导星系团成员星系NGC 5354中也探测到CO吸收。在53个CLoGS占主导地位的星系中,共有21个在CO中被检测到,我们证实了我们以前的发现,它们的恒星形成率较低(0.01-1 Msol/年),但耗尽时间较短(<1 Gyr),这意味着它们的气体库快速补充。通过比较分子气体质量和射电光度,我们发现在我们星系群中占主导地位的星系中,活动星系核占主导地位的比例(60+-16%)比一般椭圆星系高得多,但是射电光度和分子气体质量之间没有明确的联系。使用文献中的数据,我们发现,至少有27的53个CLoGS占主导地位的星系包含HI,相当于附近的非集群早期类型的星系在HI检测到的分数和显着高于分数的室女星系团。我们没有看到存在的X射线检测组内介质和分子气体的主导星系之间的相关性,但发现HI最丰富的星系位于X射线微弱的群体。来自文献的形态学数据表明,冷气体成分最常见的形式是盘,但许多系统显示出星系-星系相互作用的证据,表明它们可能通过剥离或合并获得了气体。我们提供了改进的分子气体质量估计为两个星系先前确定为在冷却流,NGC 4636和NGC 5846的中心,并发现他们是相对分子气体穷人相比,我们的其他检测系统。

英文摘要:

We present IRAM 30m and APEX telescope observations of CO(1-0) and CO(2-1) lines in 36 group-dominant early-type galaxies, completing our molecular gas survey of dominant galaxies in the Complete Local-volume Groups Sample. We detect CO emission in 12 of the galaxies at >4sigma significance, with molecular gas masses in the range 0.01-6x10^8 Msol, as well as CO in absorption in the non-dominant group member galaxy NGC 5354. In total 21 of the 53 CLoGS dominant galaxies are detected in CO and we confirm our previous findings that they have low star formation rates (0.01-1 Msol/yr) but short depletion times (<1Gyr) implying rapid replenishment of their gas reservoirs. Comparing molecular gas mass with radio luminosity, we find that a much higher fraction of our group-dominant galaxies (60+-16%) are AGN-dominated than is the case for the general population of ellipticals, but that there is no clear connection between radio luminosity and the molecular gas mass. Using data from the literature, we find that at least 27 of the 53 CLoGS dominant galaxies contain HI, comparable to the fraction of nearby non-cluster early type galaxies detected in HI and significantly higher that the fraction in the Virgo cluster. We see no correlation between the presence of an X-ray detected intra-group medium and molecular gas in the dominant galaxy, but find that the HI-richest galaxies are located in X-ray faint groups. Morphological data from the literature suggests the cold gas component most commonly takes the form of a disk, but many systems show evidence of galaxy-galaxy interactions, indicating that they may have acquired their gas through stripping or mergers. We provide improved molecular gas mass estimates for two galaxies previously identified as being in the centres of cooling flows, NGC 4636 and NGC 5846, and find that they are relatively molecular gas poor compared to our other detected systems.

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