治理自动驾驶汽车：安全，责任，隐私，网络安全和行业风险的新兴反应
Governing autonomous vehicles: emerging responses for safety, liability, privacy, cybersecurity, and industry risks
摘要：
自动驾驶汽车（AV）的好处得到了广泛的认可，但人们对这些好处的程度以及AV风险和意外后果表示担忧。在本文中，我们首先研究了自动驾驶汽车和与之相关的不同类别的技术风险。然后，我们探讨可以采取的战略，以解决这些风险，并探讨新兴的反应，政府为解决AV风险。我们的分析表明，到目前为止，各国政府在大多数情况下避免采取严厉措施，以促进反车辆地雷的发展，大多数反应是不具约束力的，并侧重于建立理事会或工作组，以更好地探讨反车辆地雷的影响。美国一直积极引入立法，以解决与隐私和网络安全有关的问题。特别是英国和德国，已经制定了法律来解决责任问题，其他国家大多承认这些问题，但尚未实施具体的战略。为了应对隐私和网络安全风险，采取了各种战略，从引入或修订非反车辆特定立法到建立工作组。对环境和就业风险等问题的关注要少得多，尽管一些政府已开始实施方案，对可能受到不利影响的工人进行再培训。
英文摘要：
The benefits of autonomous vehicles (AVs) are widely acknowledged, but there are concerns about the extent of these benefits and AV risks and unintended consequences. In this article, we first examine AVs and different categories of the technological risks associated with them. We then explore strategies that can be adopted to address these risks, and explore emerging responses by governments for addressing AV risks. Our analyses reveal that, thus far, governments have in most instances avoided stringent measures in order to promote AV developments and the majority of responses are non-binding and focus on creating councils or working groups to better explore AV implications. The US has been active in introducing legislations to address issues related to privacy and cybersecurity. The UK and Germany, in particular, have enacted laws to address liability issues, other countries mostly acknowledge these issues, but have yet to implement specific strategies. To address privacy and cybersecurity risks strategies ranging from introduction or amendment of non-AV specific legislation to creating working groups have been adopted. Much less attention has been paid to issues such as environmental and employment risks, although a few governments have begun programmes to retrain workers who might be negatively affected.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
