天体物理等离子体系统中的波产生和热通量抑制
Wave generation and heat flux suppression in astrophysical plasma systems
摘要：
采用二维粒子模拟方法研究了大范围等离子体$β$的无碰撞等离子体热通量抑制问题。我们发现哨声主导的（高- $β$）和双层主导的（低- $β$）热通量抑制之间发生了转变。哨声在低β极限下以小幅度饱和，并且不能有效地抑制热通量。一旦这种转变发生，静电双层将热通量抑制到自由流动值的几乎恒定的因子。双电层物理是离子-电子耦合的一个例子，并且发生在大约电子德拜长度的尺度上。与各种热通量驱动的不稳定性的离子加热的缩放探索在整个范围内的$β$探索。等离子体- $β$的范围在这项工作中的研究，使其相关的各种天体物理等离子体的动力学，包括集群内介质的星系团，热吸积流，恒星和吸积盘日冕，和太阳风。
英文摘要：
Heat flux suppression in collisionless plasmas for a large range of plasma $β$ is explored using two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations with a strong, sustained thermal gradient. We find that a transition takes place between whistler-dominated (high-$β$) and double-layer-dominated (low-$β$) heat flux suppression. Whistlers saturate at small amplitude in the low beta limit and are unable to effectively suppress the heat flux. Electrostatic double layers suppress the heat flux to a mostly constant factor of the free streaming value once this transition happens. The double layer physics is an example of ion-electron coupling and occurs on a scale of roughly the electron Debye length. The scaling of ion heating associated with the various heat flux driven instabilities is explored over the full range of $β$ explored. The range of plasma-$β$s studied in this work makes it relevant to the dynamics of a large variety of astrophysical plasmas, including the intracluster medium of galaxy clusters, hot accretion flows, stellar and accretion disk coronae, and the solar wind.
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