对前生物序列进化的观察和展望
Observations and perspectives on the prebiotic sequence evolution
摘要：
后基因组时代为连接早期生命历史的传统独立领域带来了机会，并为生物多样性的起源和进化带来了新的见解。根据密码子在基因组序列中的分布，我发现了遗传密码与生命树之间的关系。这种遥远而深刻的关系涉及遗传密码的起源和进化以及基因组的多样化和扩展。在这里，提出了一个益生元图片的三链核酸进化来解释的遗传密码的起源，从无序到有序的生命起源的转变可能是由于增加稳定性的三链碱基对。密码子简并性可以基于遗传密码与氨基酸的共同进化，或等效地，tRNA与aaRS的共同进化来详细地获得。这一理论是基于实验数据，如三链体碱基对的稳定性和基因组密码子分布的统计特征。已经提出了几个可通过实验检验的建议。本研究应被视为一种探索性的尝试，以统计方式揭示基于序列信息的生命早期进化。
英文摘要：
The post-genomic era has brought opportunities to bridge traditionally separate fields of early history of life and brought new insight into origin and evolution of biodiversity. According to distributions of codons in genome sequences, I found a relationship between the genetic code and the tree of life. This remote and profound relationship involves the origin and evolution of the genetic code and the diversification and expansion of genomes. Here, a prebiotic picture of the triplex nucleic acid evolution is proposed to explain the origin of the genetic code, where the transition from disorder to order in the origin of life might be due to the increasing stabilities of triplex base pairs. The codon degeneracy can be obtained in detail based on the coevolution of the genetic code with amino acids, or equivalently, the coevolution of tRNAs with aaRSs. This theory is based on experimental data such as the stability of triplex base pairs and the statistical features of genomic codon distributions. Several experimentally testable proposals have been developed. This study should be regarded as an exploratory attempt to reveal the early evolution of life based on sequence information in a statistical manner.
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