具有两种长度尺度的模型流体中的结构交叉：对准晶形成的影响
Structural crossover in a model fluid exhibiting two length scales: repercussions for quasicrystal formation
摘要：
我们调查的二维（2D）模型引入Barkan等人的液态结构。113，098304（2014）]，其表现出准晶和其他不寻常的固相，聚焦于径向分布函数$g(r)$及其渐近衰减$r\to\infty$。对于这个特定的模型系统，我们发现，随着密度的增加，有一个阻尼振荡渐近衰减与一个波长的阻尼振荡渐近衰减与另一个不同的波长的结构交叉。这些波长的比率为$\approx1.932$。在相图中跟踪这种结构交叉的轨迹可以直接找到准晶出现的区域，我们认为，在相图中识别并跟踪这样一条交叉线，使其朝向固相出现的更高密度，是在各种各样的体系中寻找准晶的一个好策略。我们还展示了如何平衡流体相关性的渐近衰减的极点分析是密切相关的非平衡增长或衰减的小振幅密度波动在散装流体。
英文摘要：
We investigate the liquid state structure of the two-dimensional (2D) model introduced by Barkan et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 098304 (2014)], which exhibits quasicrystalline and other unusual solid phases, focussing on the radial distribution function $g(r)$ and its asymptotic decay $r\to\infty$. For this particular model system, we find that as the density is increased there is a structural crossover from damped oscillatory asymptotic decay with one wavelength to damped oscillatory asymptotic decay with another distinct wavelength. The ratio of these wavelengths is $\approx1.932$. Following the locus in the phase diagram of this structural crossover leads directly to the region where quasicrystals are found. We argue that identifying and following such a crossover line in the phase diagram towards higher densities where the solid phase(s) occur is a good strategy for finding quasicrystals in a wide variety of systems. We also show how the pole analysis of the asymptotic decay of equilibrium fluid correlations is intimately connected with the non-equilibrium growth or decay of small amplitude density fluctuations in a bulk fluid.
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