多体力的包络理论
Many-body forces with the envelope theory
摘要：
多体力有时是原子、核子或强子物理学等不同领域的相关成分。它们的精确结构通常很难发现。因此，现象学有效力在实践中经常被使用。然而，他们总是非常沉重的处理数字。包络理论，也被称为辅助场法，是一种非常有效的技术，可以获得近似但可靠的多体系统通过一个或两个体力相互作用的解决方案。在这里，它被修改以允许处理一种特殊形式的多体力。在最有利的情况下，近似的特征值是解析的下限或上限。否则，总是可以计算数值近似。给出了两个多体力的例子，计算了一般吸引多体势的临界耦合常数。最后，给出了特征值通解公式的半经典解释。
英文摘要：
Many-body forces are sometimes a relevant ingredient in various fields, such as atomic, nuclear or hadronic physics. Their precise structure is generally difficult to uncover. So, phenomenological effective forces are often used in practice. Nevertheless, they are always very heavy to treat numerically. The envelope theory, also known as the auxiliary field method, is a very efficient technique to obtain approximate, but reliable, solutions of many-body systems interacting via one- or two-body forces. It is adapted here to allow the treatment of a special form of many-body forces. In the most favourable cases, the approximate eigenvalues are analytical lower or upper bounds. Otherwise, numerical approximation can always be computed. Two examples of many-body forces are presented, and the critical coupling constants for generic attractive many-body potentials are computed. Finally, a semiclassical interpretation is given for the generic formula of the eigenvalues.
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