超冷Muonium负离子产生
Ultracold Muonium Negative Ion Production
摘要：
提出了一种制备超冷负μ子离子的新方法。μ 鎓原子由一个反μ子和一个电子组成，化学符号为μ。具有0.75 eV的结合能或电子亲和势的第二电子形成μ-离子，其在许多方面几乎与用于电荷交换注入到大多数质子粒子加速器中的H-离子相同。1987年，通过μ子与箔的相互作用观察到μ 鎓负离子。使用箔电荷交换方法，μ子转化为负μ 鎓离子的效率非常低~10-4。然而，通过使用经铯沉积处理的热钨或钯单晶箔或气凝胶，生产效率可提高高达50%。这里描述的过程使表面μ子聚焦在钨或钯单晶箔或气凝胶上（可以加热到2000摄氏度），并部分被铯层覆盖，以提供最小的功函数。负μ子离子可以通过直流电场提取，并通过直线加速器进一步加速并在薄箔中剥离。与A交换电荷。提出了一种将慢μ素原子转化为正μ素离子和负μ素离子的稠密正或负离子流
英文摘要：
A new, efficient method to produce ultracold negative muon ions is proposed. The muonium atom is made up of an antimuon and an electron and is given the chemical symbol Mu. A second electron with binding energy or electron affinity of 0.75 eV makes the Mu- ion, which is in many ways almost identical to the H- ion that is used for charge-exchange injection into most proton particle accelerators. Muonium negative ions were observed in 1987 by interactions of muons with a foil. Using the foil charge-exchange approach, the efficiency of transformation of muons to negative muonium ions has been very low ~10-4. However, by using a hot tungsten or palladium single crystal foil or aerogel treated by cesium deposition, the production efficiency can be improved up to 50%. The process described here has surface muons focused onto a tungsten or palladium single crystal foil or aerogel (that can be heated up to 2000 Celsius) and partially covered by a cesium layer to provide a minimal work function. The negative muon ions can be extracted by a DC electric field and further accelerated by a linac and stripped in a thin foil. Charge exchange with a. dense flow of positive or negative ions is proposed for conversion of slow muonium atoms into positive and negative muonium ions
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