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arXiv 1806.00645astro-ph.SR
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R过程联盟:发现第一颗具有r-和s-过程元素特征的贫金属恒星

The R-Process Alliance: Discovery of the first metal-poor star with a combined r- and s-process element signature

Maude Gull, Anna Frebel, Madelyn G. Cain, Vinicius M. Placco, Alexander P. Ji, Carlo Abate, Rana Ezzeddine, Amanda I. Karakas, Terese T. Hansen, Charli Sakari, … 展开作者

Maude Gull, Anna Frebel, Madelyn G. Cain, Vinicius M. Placco, Alexander P. Ji, Carlo Abate, Rana Ezzeddine, Amanda I. Karakas, Terese T. Hansen, Charli Sakari, Erika M. Holmbeck, Rafael M. Santucci, Andrew R. Casey, Timothy C. Beers

摘要:

我们提供了一个高分辨率(R~ 35,000)、高信噪比(S/N>200)的RAVE J094921.8-161722的麦哲伦/MIKE光谱,这是一颗明亮的(V=11.3)贫金属红巨星,[Fe/H] =-2.2,被RAVE巡天确定为碳增强贫金属(CEMP)星。我们报告其详细的轻聚变元素和重中子俘获元素的化学丰度签名。我们发现J 0949 -1617是一颗具有s-过程增强的CEMP星,它一定是由先前的r-过程事件富集的气体形成的。轻中子俘获元素遵循低金属丰度的S过程模式,而Eu以上的重中子俘获元素遵循R过程模式。铅丰度高,符合S-过程的起源。钍也被检测到,正如预期的从r-过程起源,因为Th不是在s-过程中产生的。我们采用核合成模型的预测,考虑到初始的r-过程增强,然后确定质量转移的碳和s-过程材料从一个假定的更大质量的同伴到观察到的恒星。由此产生的丰度与观察到的模式一致。J 0949 -1617是第一颗被发现的CEMP-r+s恒星。这类天体以前曾被建议用来解释中子俘获元素模式的恒星,这些模式既不是由r-过程产生的,也不是由s-过程产生的。我们推测,J 0949 -1617形成的环境类似于Tucana III和Reticulum II等超暗矮星系,它们在最早的时候通过一个或多个中子星合并富集了r过程元素。

英文摘要:

We present a high-resolution (R~35,000), high signal-to-noise (S/N>200) Magellan/MIKE spectrum of the star RAVE J094921.8-161722, a bright (V=11.3) metal-poor red giant star with [Fe/H] = -2.2, identified as a carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) star from the RAVE survey. We report its detailed chemical abundance signature of light fusion elements and heavy neutron-capture elements. We find J0949-1617 to be a CEMP star with s-process enhancement that must have formed from gas enriched by a prior r-process event. Light neutron-capture elements follow a low-metallicity s-process pattern, while the heavier neutron-capture elements above Eu follow an r-process pattern. The Pb abundance is high, in line with an s-process origin. Thorium is also detected, as expected from an r-process origin, as Th is not produced in the s-process. We employ nucleosynthesis model predictions that take an initial r-process enhancement into account, and then determine the mass transfer of carbon and s-process material from a putative more massive companion onto the observed star. The resulting abundances agree well with the observed pattern. We conclude that J0949-1617 is the first bonafide CEMP-r+s star identified. This class of objects has previously been suggested to explain stars with neutron-capture element patterns that originate from neither the r- or s-process alone. We speculate that J0949-1617 formed in an environment similar to those of ultra-faint dwarf galaxies like Tucana III and Reticulum II, which were enriched in r-process elements by one or multiple neutron star mergers at the earliest times.a

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